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Protective effects of new antioxidants in OTA-treated chicken kidney
* 1 , 2 , 1 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 5 , 1 , 1 , 1
1  Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Via Delpino, 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy
2  Department of Mental, Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli” Naples, Largo Madonna delle Grazie, 1, 80138 Napoli, Italy
3  Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy
4  Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), Bari, Italy
5  Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, L. go P. Braccini 2-5, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy

Abstract:

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin which represents an emerging problem for both animal and human health, due to its high presence in feed and foods. Exposure to OTA is associated with oxidative stress-induced nephrotoxicity. Therefore, the identification of new antioxidant or adsorbent substances with protective action constitutes one of the main challenges to reduce the negative effects induced by mycotoxins. For this purpose, we investigated the effect of two innovative feed additives, a bio-organoclay (CHS) and a mixture of a tri-octahedral Na-smectite with a ligno-cellulose based material (MIX) alone or in combination with OTA in kidneys of treated chickens. Real-Time PCR analyses for NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX) and p47-phox were performed to evaluate oxidative stress. Our results demonstrated an increase in NOX and p47-phox levels in OTA-treated chickens. Moreover, CHS, more than MIX, was able to reduce OTA-induced toxicity, restoring NOX levels. Taken together, these findings highlight the potential beneficial role of CHS in reverting OTA-induced nephrotoxicity in chickens and could lead to the production of healthier foods with beneficial consequences for human and animal health.

Keywords: poultry; Ochratoxin A; mycotoxin-binders; oxidative stress; feed additives
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