Talk
Transport and energy production are responsible for a considerable part of greenhouse gasses emissions worldwide and other pollutants harmful to the health of humans and live organisms. It is universally agreed to increase the efficiency when using primary sources of energy (renewable or not) as the first action to fight against global warming consequences. The UN SDGs aim to abate local pollution emissions to cover energy and transport needs. Applied Thermofluids science is a mighty tool to achieve both objectives. This Webinar will explain several examples of thermofluids science applied to transport and energy production for minimizing its associated global and local emissions impact. Since there is no silver bullet to achieve these goals, thermofluids will be applied to diverse systems. Attendees will learn about battery and hybrid vehicle cooling, spark ignition and compressions ignition engines with oxyfuel combustion; in-situ carbon capture systems associated with oxyfuel combustion and harmful emissions aftertreatment. Increasing efficiency to reduce CO2 emissions, capture and store CO2 from the atmosphere, clean the flue gases from their noxious components and maximize the efficient use of battery and hybrid systems are the goals that speakers will pursue from their vast experience on applied thermofluids.

Bio
Prof. Serrano leads several teams at the UPV Research Institute (R.I) CMT-Motores Térmicos (CMT) composed of an average of 6 faculty members and 10 PhD students. His research is focused on the field of thermo- and fluid dynamics applied to the processes of gas exchange and emissions control of reciprocating internal combustion engines (ICE). He has designed and directed the construction of the existing high-temperature flow test benches in the laboratories of the UPV R.I. CMT, used for testing turbomachinery as well as aftertreatment devices. He has also designed and developed software for the analysis of both types of devices. This software is being used by engine OEMs like Renault, Jaguar-Land-Rover and Stellantis. In the field of gas aftertreatment, he has patented and published innovative architectures for the PF of turbocharged Diesel, which contributes to reducing their fuel consumption and particulate matter (PM) emissions. He has recognized 4 six-year research-quality periods (last 2015-20). His publications type are (SCOPUS): 113 in JCR (Q1=57); 47 proceedings; 1 book chapter and 2 editorials. His citations are: 2031 (WoS); 3013 (Scopus); 4366 (Google). His index h: 30 (WoS); 34 (Scopus); 39 (GoogleScholar). Based on h, he’s been ranked in Spain in the 4th place within the area of Mech. Eng. and 12th place within Thermodynamics (https://grupodih.info/). He’s been ranked worldwide within the 2% most cited in the Energy sub-field: https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.3000918

Talk
The electric drive vehicles (xEVs) market will continuously grow in the coming years. Lithium-ion battery (LIB) technology is expected to be the energy storage of choice xEVs. In these batteries, the temperature has a significant impact on life, performance, safety, and cost. On one hand, higher temperatures degrade LIBs more quickly, while on the other low temperatures reduce power and energy capabilities, resulting in cost, reliability, safety, range, or drivability implications. To keep LIB inside the optimum temperature range, battery thermal management is needed for xEVs. Bearing in mind this need, in this talk a lumped thermal model integrated with an electric model of the LIB is presented. Both models are validated with experimental data measured in a cell. With the model different cooling solutions are studied in different running conditions (from stationary to transitory), showing the effect of different strategies on the LIB temperatures.

Bio
Pablo Olmeda is professor at Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) since 2001. In this University, I obtained my Industrial Engineering degree (1998) and, at the end of that same year, I entered CMT-Motores Térmicos of the UPV to carry out third cycle studies leading to obtaining a doctorate degree. My doctoral thesis (2003) was rated "outstanding cum laude". All my teaching and research activity (over the last 23 years) has been linked to the CMT-Motores Térmicos Institute where, currently, I am full Professor at the University since 2018, and previously, I have held positions of Senior Technician with tasks of researcher (1999), Assistant professor of the University School (2001) and Associate professor (2009). I have been granted with three six-year period of research (of 3 possible) and 1 six-year term of technology (of 1 possible). I am author of more than 60 articles published in journals indexed in the "Journal Citation Report" (JCR) that have received more than 1100 total citations, having an h-index of 21. Currently, I am editor of a journal listed in the JCR. Regarding congresses, I have participated in more than 30 presentations at international conferences, one of the papers presented won the award: "Best MTST Committee paper of ASME Turbo Expo Gas Turbine Technical Congress and Exposition". Besides, I was member of the organizing committee of the 28th European Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems (ILASS 2017) In the last 23 years, I have participated in about 90 research projects, approximately one third of which have been projects funded through public calls and the other two thirds through research contracts funded by companies, generally in the automotive sector. Within the transfer of technology, it is worth highlighting, on the one hand, a national patent and, on the other, the use of a model (software) developed by the applicant by various companies in the automotive sector.

Talk
World economies are promoting sustainable development plans to maintain sectors activity efficiently while minimizing environmental impact. This includes two main issues: on the one hand reducing CO2 coming from combustion processes, which is one of the main causes of the greenhouse effect, on the other hand improving the air quality aiming zero-pollutant environment, reducing CO, unburned hydrocarbons (uHC), NOx, and particulate matter (PM). Freight transport (both road and maritime shipments) and stationary powerplants based on reciprocating engines (RICEs) can be highlighted because of their high gases emissions while being hard to abate sectors regarding CO2. In this context, oxy-fuel combustion in RICEs uses a highly O2-enriched ambient, where high temperature is controlled using Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR). Among the benefits of this unconventional combustion mode, its potential for CO2 capture and storage (CCS) must be highlighted, thanks to the fact that exhaust gases are mainly composed of CO2 and H2O that can be easily removed by condensation. It is a promising technology that, along with the CCS potential, has almost zero-NOx emissions and low CO, uHC, and PM. This talk will cover two main related topics: on the one hand, the assessment of the dilution conditions (λ and EGR) where oxy-fuel combustion can be used in a spark-ignition (SI) engine, considering thermo-mechanical limitations and knocking issues; on the other hand, identifying the benefits and drawbacks of the oxy-fuel combustion in SI engines from the point of view of the performance and emissions. The discussion will deal with a combination of modelling and experimental approaches, including results from a SI single-cylinder research engine operating with both conventional and oxy-fuel combustion.

Bio
Dr. Martín studied Mechanical Engineering at the Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) and did his doctorate at CMT-Motores Térmicos (Thermal Engines research institute), where he defended his thesis in 2007. Since then, he has been working at the UPV, where he is currently Professor. He has taught about 30 combustion engine and thermal machines subjects in different bachelor's and master's studies. His research activity has been carried out in CMT-Motores Térmicos. He has been focused on the combustion analysis from in-cylinder pressure and the experimental integral thermal balance of reciprocating engines (RICE), the predictive modelling of engine-system with 0D-1D tools, and currently he is involved in the research of RICE operating with oxy-fuel combustion. His research activity has been developed in tens of projects funded by international companies in the automotive sector and different public institutions. He has an h-index of 19 according to the Web of Science.

Talk
Oxy-fuel combustion concept is studied in a compression ignition engine (CIE) using Mixed Ionic-electronic Conducting Membranes (MIECs) to separate oxygen (O2) from the air in order to achieve a clean combustion eliminating completely nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions and enabling upcoming carbon dioxide (CO2) capture. Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), composed mainly by CO2 and water vapor, is used to control the in-cylinder temperature and exhaust gases wasted energy is recovered for producing the O2 required by the engine by heating up the MIEC inlet air. A combustion model for compression ignition engines has been adapted to this new composition in the chamber. That combustion model is able to predict changes in heat release due to change in the operating conditions. The engine can work at different engine speed and from medium to full load. A capture system has been proposed which separate the water by condensation and capture and store the CO2. This system is composed of condensers that reduce the temperature and separate the liquid phase and compressors that increase the pressure till CO2 critical conditions.

Bio
Francisco J. Arnau is Associate Professor at Universitat Politècnica de València, in Spain. Born in 1974, he was graduate in Industrial Engineer in 1998 and in 2003 he received his Ph.D. He joined to the CMT-Motores-Térmicos Institute in 2000 as a contracted researcher. In 2009 he began his teaching career, firstly as Senior Lecturer and later, since 2017 as Associate Professor. Francisco has over two decades of experience in thermo and fluid-dynamic simulation and turbocharging working as a researcher at CMT-Motores Térmicos Institute being one of the main developers of VEMOD simulation tool, a 1D simulation code fully developed in CMT. His work has been published in numerous papers in journals and contribution to different congresses and conferences. He is also co-author of a patent that protect an oxyfuel combustion engine concept.

Talk
Current and incoming tighten emission standards are drawing a complex scenario where an optimized engine and aftertreatment matching over their lifetime becomes a key multidisciplinary strategy. In this regard, the coupling between control capabilities concerning hardware-and software-in-the-loop and the knowledge of aftertreatment systems define a roadmap where the contribution from aftertreatment computational models is essential. These are expected to provide real-time accurate predictions able to complete and complement sensors feedback for aftertreatment systems control and on-board diagnostics. With this objective, in this talk, an explicit solution of the chemical species convective diffusive reaction transport in honeycomb flow-through monolithic catalysts is discussed as a key approach for faster than real-time computation. The solutions for single-layer and dual-layer washcoat monoliths are derived. Despite the inherent differences in mass transfer along the washcoat in these systems, the comparison of the solutions shows their similarity and compactness for a generalized on-board implementation of the proposed solver. The robustness of the solver is finally applied to the modelling of oxidation catalysts with reactant storage capacity for the abatement of HC/CO and NH3 respectively. A variety of application cases are considered accounting for steady-state operation in conventional diesel and RCCI combustion, the influence of alternative fuels or extreme ambient conditions, as well as real-driving conditions where mass transfer limitations arise.

Bio
Pedro Piqueras belongs to the Research Institute CMT-Motores Térmicos, at Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain. Born in 1982 in Valencia (Spain), he graduated in Industrial Engineering in 2005. In 2008, Pedro received a Master in Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines and his Ph.D. in Propulsive Systems in Transportation in 2010, for which he achieved the Outstanding Doctoral Thesis award in 2011 call. He joined Universitat Politècnica de València as Lecturer in September 2008, where currently teaches as Associate Professor on Propulsion and Emission Control topics. His research activity involves the development of experimental and computational techniques for the analysis of exhaust aftertreatment systems as well as their efficient integration into powertrain systems.