Introduction:

Kalanchoe pinnata has long been recognised for its medicinal properties, especially in the treatment of metabolic diseases like obesity. This study examines the phytochemical makeup of K. pinnata root–stem methanol extract and looks at its potential as a treatment for weight management.

Method:

Using a thorough phytochemical analysis that combined qualitative and quantitative techniques, the bioactive components of the root–stem powder were identified and measured. Functional groups were determined using FTIR and UV–Vis spectroscopies. GC-MS analysis was used to profile volatile chemicals. An in vitro pancreatic lipase inhibition experiment was used to evaluate the methanol extract's anti-obesity efficacy. To find out how the extract affected lipid profiles and histopathological alterations in the pancreas and other organs, an in vivo investigation employing a high-fat diet was also carried out.

Results:

The findings of the phytochemical screening revealed the presence of compounds such as flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins, and glycosaponins, which are known to enhance metabolic health. At the same time, the GC/Mass detected essential compounds, such as different fatty acids and phytol octadecanoic acid. The K. pinnata extract in methanol markedly inhibited pancreatic lipase activity. After the extract treatment and a high-fat diet, the rats' lipid profiles improved and displayed decreased LDL and total cholesterol levels. Restoring the normal pancreatic liver and kidney architecture and reducing inflammation were found by histopathological examinations, and these effects were comparable to those of the orlistat.

Conclusion:

The study's findings demonstrate that K. pinnata has two key anti-obesity benefits: enhanced metabolic parameters and preventive effects on organ health. The results necessitate more research into the precise mechanisms of action and possible therapeutic uses of this plant extract in the treatment of obesity.