Multicomponent reactions are highly convergent processes that are advantageously used for the synthesis of complex and diverse molecular libraries. We have recently demonstrated that enols react with amines, carbonyl compounds and isocyanides to give stable enamines, in a reaction similar to the classical Ugi condensation. In particular, heterocyclic enols can conveniently afford diversely functionalized heterocycles in an experimentally simple manner. Coumarins constitute a large family of plant metabolites possessing significant biological activities. In particular, 3- and 4-aminocoumarins constitute the structural core of numerous compounds with distinct therapeutic activities as, for example, antiproliferative and anti-HIV agents.
Here we wish to report the enol-Ugi reaction of 3- and 4-hydroxycoumarins, containing electron-withdrawing groups at positions 4 and 3 respectively, to give 3- and 4-aminocoumarins in a highly atom-economic and convergent process.
But I have one doubt about mechanism of reaction. Here you shown that imine formed after condensation of reagent 1 and 2 and that imine abstracts proton of enol 3 (as proton of iminium ion is in blue color). On which basis you are saying that iminium ion proton belongs to enol and not of condensed water. Have you confirmed this through experimental studies?
In relation to your question, we think that the imine is protonated by a proton of the enol because the enol is much more acidic than water. The enols that we use have an acidity similar (or superior) to carboxylic acids used in the Ugi reaction, in which the mechanism have been extensively studied and it is established that the imine is protonated by the carboxylic acid.
On the other hand, we use previously pre-formed imines, thus in the reaction medium there is not water present. However, the 4-component reaction (in which the imine is formed “in situ” from an aldehyde and an amine, and, hence, there is water in the reaction medium) also work very well.
Thank you very much for your interesting comment.
Sincerely
Ana
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