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Applied voltage variation’s effect in LbL sensors while detecting 17α-ethinylestradiol in water samples
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1  Laboratory for Instrumentation, Biomedical Engineering and Radiation Physics (LIBPhys) - FCT/UNL
Academic Editor: Betsy Wang

Abstract:

In this work, the effects of differing voltage levels applied to interdigitated gold electrodes (IDE) sensor devices with thin-film polyelectrolyte layers for the detection of 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) were studied. EE2 is a synthetic hormone present in the composition of oral birth control pills, which are a frequently used contraceptive. EE2 through natural bodily excretions finds its way into wastewater, which in turn are led to wastewater treatment plants where the treatments conducted are not able to completely remove EE2 from the water. This treated water with trace amounts of the hormone is then released into natural bodies of water where it has a pernicious impact on the life cycles of both flora and fauna, disrupting various ecosystems. Through the pairing of IDE containing layer-by-layer (LbL) thin-films with impedance spectroscopy, electrical measurements of solutions of mineral water (MW) (pH = 5.7 ± 0.3) and tap water (TW) (pH = 6.8 ± 0.1) spiked with a concentration of 10-12 M of EE2 were conducted while applying varying AC voltages to the IDE sensors from 25 to 1000 mV. To better understand the data obtained during this work, several spectra were plotted among which is the loss tangent spectra. From these plots, one can surmise (for both waters) that by increasing the voltage there is a decrease in the polarization of the thin-film sensors, which results in less responsive sensor devices. It was also possible to observe that the higher the voltage, the less reproducible the sensors tend to be.

Keywords: IDE; impedance, thin-films; LbL; EE2
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