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EFFECTS OF EDIBLE MUSHROOMS PHELLINUS LINTEUS AND LENTINUS EDODES METHANOL EXTRACTS ON COLORECTAL CANCER CELL LINES
* 1 , 2 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 2
1  Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, Department of Natural Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Serbia
2  Department for Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Serbia
Academic Editor: Joana Amaral

Abstract:

Alternative cancer treatment with dietary supplements is attractive worldwide, and mushrooms, as abundant source of bioactive compounds, have confirmed therapeutic effects. Moreover, cancer fungotherapy, as a promising scientific field, focuses on investigation of fungal products with prominent anticancer potential and target-specific activity. Beside their cytotoxicity, effects of mushrooms regarding regulation of crucial steps in cancer metastasis are poorly investigated. Our study aimed to analyze effects of two edible and medicinal mushroom species on protein markers of migration and invasion . Methanol extracts of commercially cultivated edible and medicinal mushroom species Phellinus linteus (PL) and Lentinus edodes (LE) were examined in two selected concentrations (10 and 50 µg/mL) for their antimigratory/invasive potential on two colorectal carcinoma cell lines (HCT-116, SW-480) and effects were tracked after 24 h. Expression and localization of pro/antimigratory proteins E-cadherin, N-cadherin and Vimentin were done by using cytoimmunochemistry, and concentration of matrixmetalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) was determined using colorimetric ELISA assay. According to the results, PL and LE induced obvious cell selective effects, whereat LE had stronger effect on HCT-116 cells, whilst PL exerted more prominent effect on SW-480 cells. LE increased expression of antimigratory marker E-cadherin and significantly decreased level of promigratory/proinvasive proteins N-cadherin and Vimentin in HCT-116 cells. Meanwhile, PL induced similar response in SW-480 cells, increasing E-cadherin and lowering N-cadherin and Vimentin. However, both applied treatments significantly decreased concentration of proinvasive protein MMP-9 in both tested cell lines. Once again, cell selectivity was observed regarding effects of these treatments. Namely, the best effect on SW-480 cell line exerted PL which significantly lowered level of MMP-9, and LE was more potent in reducing the level of this proinvasive protein in HCT-116 cells. Further studies should to be conducted regarding these mushrooms that possess obvious and important antimigratory/antiinvasive potential, esspecially their application as food supplements.

Keywords: CRC, cadherins, fungotherapy, immunofluorescence, MMP-9
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