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Effects of Waterlogging on Growth and Development of Bread Wheat Genotypes
* 1, 2 , 1 , 1, 2 , 2 , 2 , 1, 2 , 1, 2
1  Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, IP. Unidade de Biotecnologia e Recursos genéticos. Av. República, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
2  Unidade de Geobiociências, Geoengenharias e Geotecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Monte de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica , Portugal
Academic Editor: Iker Aranjuelo

Abstract:

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is widely cultivated worldwide. Annually 10-15 million ha of this crop are affected by flooding of cultivated land leading to large production losses (20 to 50%). Intensive and unpredictable rainfall episodes are expected to increase due to global warming. More adapted varieties may be useful to cope with climatic changes. The aim of this work is to evaluate the effects of waterlogging on growth and development of four bread wheat genotypes from different origins, including one Portuguese landrace, and one advanced line obtained through National Wheat Breeding Program (INIAV, Elvas, Portugal). Plants were grown in climatized growth chambers. Waterlogging was imposed at tillering stage, and maintained for two weeks. Phenological observations through Zadoks scale, as well as senescence evaluation through SPAD measurements in 2nd leaf, were performed during stress imposition. Main shoot height was unaltered in two genotypes, which also presented relative chlorophyll content (SPAD) reductions (29-80%) in relation to control plants. The other two genotypes increased main shoot height 62% and 144% and showed stable SPAD values, reflecting a higher photosynthetic ability. The genotypes capacity to contain progressive senescence induced by waterlogging will be assessed through the ratio between green/senescent biomass (dry weight) after stress, and after 7 and 14 days of recovery.

Keywords: Triticum aestivum; germplasm; flooding; leaf senescence
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