Inoserp^TM PAN-AFRICA is a polyvalent F(ab’)₂ antivenom that has been specifically developed for the management of snakebite envenomation in sub-Saharan Africa. The antivenom provides a very large coverage of medically important species in sub-Saharan Africa with at least 24 species covered ⁽¹⁾. This review presents all clinical data available on the use of Inoserp^TM PAN-AFRICA in sub-Saharan Africa since it has been introduced in 2012. The antivenom has been used in more than 20 countries from west to east Africa with approximately 200 000 vials distributed through marketing approvals, special import permits and through organizations such as armies or NGOs. Four clinical studies ^{(2) (3) (4) (5)} have been performed in 5 countries of West and Central Africa, encompassing 22 clinical sites and involving 676 patients exposed to Inoserp^TM PAN-AFRICA. Patients were rather young with a median age ranging from 18 to 38 years and in great majority males with a sex ratio (M/F) ranging from 2.7 to 4.5 according to the study. Snakebite envenomation was representative of the sub-Saharan African region with mostly hemorrhagic and cytotoxic but also neurotoxic syndromes. Overall, patients received an average dose of 2 to 3 vials which was enough to obtain a rapid control of symptoms in the great majority of cases. The observed lethality rate was 0% to 4.4% depending on the study. Adverse events were mostly of mild or moderate intensity and have been reported in 5 to 11% of patients. Other available data such as published reports of patient cases, as well as the most updated pharmacovigilance surveillance report in 2022 have been used to complete this review. Overall, Inoserp^TMPAN-AFRICA benefits from a large experience in sub-Saharan Africa. Clinical data available consistently show a very good efficacy and safety profile of the antivenom.

1. Martinez et Al, Preclinical evaluation of the polyspecific antivenom Inoserp^TM PAN-AFRICA against the venoms of elapids and viperids of Sub-Saharan Africa region: Neutralization of toxic activities, IST congress Buenos Aires (Argentina), 2019.
2. Chippaux J-P., Balde MC., Sessinou E. et Al. Evaluation d’un nouvel antivenin polyvalent contre les envenimations ophidiennes (Inoserp Panafricain) dans deux contextes épidémiologiques : le Nord Bénin et la Guinée Maritime. Médecine et Santé Tropicale, 2015. Vol. 25 (1): 56–64.
3. Coulibaly SK, Diallo T, Diara A, Soulaymani A, Maiga AI. Sérothérapie antivenimeuse au Mali : expérience du centre de santé de référence de Kati région de Koulikoro. Congrès de la Société Française de Toxicologie Clinique Angers (France), 2018. 30(3):165.
4. Lam A., Cabral M., Touré A., Ba F., Camara B., Kane O., Fall M., Diouf A., Chippaux J-P. Évaluation de l’efficacité et la tolérance d’Inoserp Panafricain au Sénégal. Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique, 2019. Vol. 31: 18–29.
5. ESAA France and Cameroon Group. Snakebites in cameroon: evaluation of snake antivenom in Africa (ESAA) and real-life conditions. Venom Week Conference Scottsdale (US), 2022.