The objective of our work is to provide an advantage for designing new,
more efficient sensors using undoped ZnO nanowires. Nanostructures based
on ZnO have demonstrated improved sensor performance, thanks to their
excellent chemical and thermal stability, as evidenced by their high
melting temperature.

We have utilized the Schottky defect model to simulate the behavior of
free carriers in ZnO semiconductors. Additionally, we have investigated
the theoretical model of oxygen molecule adsorption and desorption.
Furthermore, we have examined the adsorption of reducing gases, with
acetone gas being used as an example.

By employing the Comsol software, we have discovered that the solid-gas
interaction is significantly reduced at a temperature of 295 °C for ZnO
nanowires compared to bulk ZnO, which typically requires a temperature
of 500 °C. This reduction can be attributed to the predominant behavior
of the side surfaces (101 ̅0) in ZnO nanostructures, as well as the lower
activation energy of these surfaces compared to the (0002) surfaces.
These ZnO nanowire nanostructures provide numerous active and
thermodynamically favorable surfaces for the adsorption of reducing
gases. The simulation method using Comsol is one of the means to achieve
improved design and offer optimal device operation.