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Blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) and raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) ethanolic extracts: inhibitory effects on pancreatic lipase and antioxidant activity
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1  Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
Academic Editor: Antonello Santini

Abstract:

Over the past decades, the number of studies proposing a relationship between fruits intake and reduced risk of several chronic diseases, including obesity, has continued to grow. Fruits supply vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber to the diet and are sources of healthy phytochemicals. This study aimed to investigate the potential pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity of the ethanolic extract of blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) and raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) from Southern Italy. Both blackcurrant and raspberry are a rich source of vitamin C and different health molecules, in particular polyphenols, with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and hypoglycaemic properties. Fresh fruits (350 g) were exhaustively extracted by maceration by using ethanol as solvent (4 × 1.2 L). Extracts were investigated for their total phenols content (TPC) and total flavonoids content /TFC) and for their potential radicals scavenging activity by applying DPPH and ABTS tests and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity. Extraction yields of 11.8 and 11.2% were obtained for blackcurrant and raspberry, respectively. Raspberry, that showed the highest total phenols content (501.1 mg chlorogenic acid equivalents/100 g plant materials) was the most active in ABTS test with an IC50 value of 1.6 microg/mL. This extract inhibited the pancreatic lipase with an IC50 value of 5.1 microg/mL. An IC50 value of 30.2 microg/mL was found for blackcurrant. Both extracts were more active than the positive control orlistat (IC50 of 37.1 microg/mL). These findings highlighted the biological properties of blackcurrant and raspberry, corroborating their potential application in the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries.

Keywords: blackcurrant; raspberry; ethanolic extract; TPC; TFC; lipase.
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