Rainfall Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) relationships are crucial in the design and management of hydraulic structures. At the core of the assumption for IDF development is that, the statistics of past rainfall events will represent future rainfall events. It has been proven that climate change is a major trigger for this non-stationarity therefore, the assumption is untenable. This work is aimed at considering the impact of climate change in the development of IDF curves for a city. To account for this non-stationarity, an RCM was combined with measured data through a climate factor (CF) to develop a rainfall IDF for the coastal city of Calabar. The baseline and future climatic periods of the RCM were 1971-2010 and 2021-2060 respectively. The Annual Maxima Series (AMS) were disaggregated and fitted to Gumbel distribution. Results revealed that, the magnitude of trend for measured AMS and measured annual rainfall are -0.351 and +3.628 respectively. A CF value of 0.86 was obtained and a generalized non-stationary rainfall IDF model was derived. When compared to models from similar studies, this model has conserved values with r2=1 and an error margin of ±6% for all return periods. This will introduce economy in the design of hydraulic structures. Excess runoffs in Calabar were therefore related to frequent short duration rainfall with low intensities.
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                    Development of Non-Stationary Rainfall Intensity-Duration-Frequency Curves for Calabar, Nigeria
                
                                    
                
                
                    Published:
27 October 2023
by MDPI
in The 4th International Electronic Conference on Applied Sciences
session Energy, Environmental and Earth Science
                
                                    
                
                
                    Abstract: 
                                    
                        Keywords: Rainfall Intensity-Duration-Frequency; Non-stationarity; Regional Circulation Model; Bias-correction in climate data; Trend analysis; Gumbel distribution
                    
                
                
                
                
                                    Comments on this paper
                                                                    
                                                    
                                    Samy Anwar
                            
            
                31 October 2023
            
        
                Good work. Congratulations. In the abstract, you should mention that RCM stands for Regional Climate Model in the first appearence. Again, congratulations.
            
        
                                                                                                    Inyeneobong Odiong
                                                            
                        
                        31 October 2023
                    
                    
                            Noted with thanks.
                        
                    
        
            