Comparative Evaluation of Adipolin Expression in Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Serum of Periodontally Healthy and Chronic Periodontitis Patients with and without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Shruti Ligade; Anita Kulloli; Santosh Martande; Sharath Shetty; Ankita Mathur; Vini Mehta; Anisha Yadav; Luca Fiorillo; Francesca Gorassini

doi:10.3390/ASEC2023-15478

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Comparative Evaluation of Adipolin Expression in Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Serum of Periodontally Healthy and Chronic Periodontitis Patients with and without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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¹ Department of Periodontology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune 411018, India.
² 2Department of Public Health Dentistry, Department of Dental Research Cell, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune 411018, India.
³ Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy.
⁴ Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Odontostomatological Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80121 Naples, Italy.
⁵ Department of Prosthodontics, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune 411018, India.

Academic Editor: Marco Annunziata

Published: 30 October 2023 by MDPI in The 4th International Electronic Conference on Applied Sciences session Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering

https://doi.org/10.3390/ASEC2023-15478

Abstract:

Background: Adipokine is a huge family of cytokines which are cell-signaling proteins secreted by adipose tissue released by White Adipose Tissue (WAT) and Adipolin (FAM132A/CTRP12 gene) is the newest member added to the adipokine family. This research marks the first attempt to estimate and compare the Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum levels of Adipolin in Healthy subjects and periodontitis patients, with and without type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: The study population consisted of 10 patients each with healthy subjects and periodontitis with and without T2DM. GCF and serum samples were collected from each patient before non-surgical periodontal therapy. All the samples underwent Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay( ELISA ) test with an antibody specific to adipolin.

Results: The mean GCF and serum adipolin levels were high in group I and III compared to group II and IV. Comparison of adipolin levels between the groups showed no statistically significant difference either in GCF( P=0.68) or serum ( P=0.85). The comparison between GCF and serum adipolin levels in group IV showed statistically significant difference (P<0.031) The mean values showed a decrease in Adipolin values as the disease rate progresses.

Conclusion- As the GCF and serum concentration of Adipolin shows a gradual positive relation with the disease severity, within the limitations of the current study, it can be postulated Adipolin could be possible an anti-inflammatory biomarker of periodontal disease.

Keywords: Adipolin, Adipokines, periodontitis, Type 2 Diabetes mellitus

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