Biochar-Based Filter for Methylene Blue and Methyl Orange adsorption

Ghenwa Kataya; May issa; akram hijazi; Mikhael Bechelany

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Biochar-Based Filter for Methylene Blue and Methyl Orange adsorption

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¹ Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Research Platform for Environmental Science (PRASE), Lebanese University, Lebanon
² Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM – UMR 5635, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Place Eugène Bataillon, Montpellier 34095, France
³ Department of Environment, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Lebanese University, Lebanon
⁴ Gulf University for Science and Technology, GUST, Kuwait

Academic Editor: Blaž Likozar

Published: 28 May 2024 by MDPI in The 3rd International Electronic Conference on Processes session Environmental and Green Processes

Abstract:

Water, being essential for life, necessitates urgent protective measures, particularly in treating existing polluted water to safeguard public health and ecosystems. In Lebanon, water resources are suffering from urban and industrial pollution. Thus, the objectives of this work is to investigate the efficacy of biochar-based filter (prepared from a mixture of Lebanese organic waste and pyrolysed at 400C) in the adsorption of organic dyes such as Methyl Orange (MO) and Methylene Blue (MB). The biochar based filter prototype is composed of 3 consecutive layers: sand-biochar-sand. The effects of the initial concentrations of MO and MB and contact time are studied and tested in batch experiments tests.

Therefore, different concentrations of Methyl Orange (MO) and Methylene Blue (MB) ranged between 2.5 mg/l to 12.5 mg/l and 1 hr. contact time are tested. The obtained results show varying rates of MO removal, reaching up to 37.9% at 15 ppm, while consistently high MB removal rates ranged between 99.2% and 99.8%. The addition of biochar notably improves efficiency when compared to filter composed only of sand.

The variation of contact time reveals its impact for MO adsorption, with optimal adsorption after 24 hours, contrasting with rapid MB adsorption occurring within two hours. The biofilter's superior performance over sand alone underscores the effect of biochar.

The experimental results are fitted with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm to predict the mechanisms of adsorption. It shows that the Freundlich model fits better the MO adsorption data, indicating multilayer adsorption, whereas the Langmuir model accurately describes MB adsorption, implying monolayer adsorption.

Our results highlight the complex nature of adsorption processes influenced by different parameters: dye concentration, contact time and adsorbent properties. This study gives valuable insights into biochar-enhanced biofilters for effective water treatment, emphasizing the importance of tailored approaches based on specific dye characteristics and environmental conditions.

Keywords: Dye, biochar , filter, adsorption.

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