This study explores the impact of α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) on a poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) matrix via electrospinning (ES) to produce composite materials. The ES method allows for the production nonwoven fibrous materials with a high content of functional additives. The ES method ensures the uniform distribution of the additive, which is important for applications in regenerative medicine. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of materials based on PHB-α-TCP shows a reduction in surface defects with the addition of α-TCP; however, at higher concentrations, larger inclusions appear. Additionally, morphology analysis indicates changes in fiber diameters and a decrease in surface density with the introduction of α-TCP, highlighting increased porosity and surface development.

Mechanical testing illustrates the deformation process of PHB-based nonwoven materials, with the rupture mechanism influenced by the presence of α-TCP. SEM images reveal the impact of α-TCP on the mechanism of the rupture, showcasing accumulations of the calcium source within the fibrous material.

Thermal properties were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry. The impact of the additive on the thermal properties was insignificant during the first round of heating. The second round of heating showed a decrease in crystallinity, but X-ray diffraction analysis indicated changes in the supramolecular structure, with the crystallites themselves increasing in number.

The obtained materials were characterized by high porosity and surface development, which are crucial for effective tissue regeneration and restoration. The unique combination of properties in the PHB-α-TCP composite material holds promise for revolutionizing multiple industries, particularly those in the fields of regenerative medicine, dentistry, and environmental sustainability. However, further research is required to optimize the material's properties for specific applications, ensuring its safe and effective utilization.