Please login first
Developments, features and perspectives of crystal scintillators of the Cs2MCl6family (M = Hf or Zr) to search for rare processes
* 1, 2 , 1, 2 , 1, 2 , 3, 4 , 1, 2 , 1, 2 , 3, 4 , 5 , 2 , 6, 7 , 8 , 5 , 7
1  Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
2  INFN, Sezione di Roma “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
3  INFN, Sezione di Roma, 00185 Rome, Italy
4  Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, 00185 Rome, Italy
5  INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, 67100 Assergi, AQ, Italy
6  Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
7  Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
8  Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
Academic Editor: Alessandra Toncelli

Abstract:

Recently, there has been considerable interest in the development of crystal scintillators of the Cs2MCl6 family of metal hexachlorides (M = Hf or Zr) due to their exceptional properties: high light yield (up to 40000 photons/ MeV ), good linearity in the energy response, excellent energy resolution (< 3.5% at 662 keV in the best configuration) and excellent ability to discriminate between pulse shapes (PSD) of β(γ) and α particles. One Cs2HfCl6 (CHC) crystal scintillator was measured, over 2848 h of data taking, deep underground in the STELLA laboratory at the Gran Sasso National Laboratory of the INFN, Italy. Its residual radioactive contaminants were studied and are presented here. The total α activity of the detector was at the level of 7.8(3) mBq/kg. A measurement using two Cs2ZrCl6 (CZC) crystal scintillators (11 g and 24 g) was performed in the DAMA/CRYS low-background setup deep underground at LNGS. Chemical purity, residual radioactive contaminants, scintillation, and PSD performance are discussed in this paper. The low-background measurements over 456.5 days demonstrated the crystals’ high radiopurity, showing a counting rate of 0.17(kg·keV·y)-1 at the Q = 3.35 MeV of 96Zr. Another measurement was subsequently carried out using three new CZC crystals and one CHC crystal in optimized geometry. The crystal growth technique, raw material purification, and post-growth material treatment are discussed here. Moreover, the three CZC crystals were grown using starting materials with different purities to study their resulting characteristics and were encapsulated using a silicone-based sealant. The results obtained are presented in this paper.

Keywords: crystal; scintillators; rare processes; Cs2MCl6; CHC;CZC
Top