Bringing ecology closer to territorial management is fundamental to achieving a sustainable approach. It is a challenge to reconcile intensified agricultural production with the conservation of biodiversity and related ecological processes. As the magnitude of threats to biodiversity becomes increasingly recognized, the need for effective management inside and outside protected areas is evident. Management decisions have a direct impact on resources, so they must be based on rigorous evidence and scientific information. Some of the objectives considered are to recognize the most characteristic qualities in terms of management strategies for conservation areas; to distinguish the matrices in which they may be immersed; and to contemplating land-sparing and land-sharing models and their influence. To integrate diverse experiences of protected area management in Latin America with landscape analysis according to the land-sharing and land-sparing models, a comprehensive search for relevant articles was conducted. The Mendeley search engine was used and the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) methodology was implemented for article selection. Protected areas are essential conservation strategies. Effective management is crucial for achieving conservation goals, considering not only biodiversity but also cultural diversity, social development, and the sustainability of communities in direct and constant contact with them. In this context, we recognize two models, land-sharing and land-sparing, which contribute to landscape heterogeneity and diversity. Although this quality enhances diversity in the studied matrices, there is debate about which model is more recommendable for biodiversity conservation and productive activities, as they impact the balance of socio-ecosystems differently, both positively and negatively.