This paper examined how rotary force feedback in knobs can enhance control over musical techniques, focusing on both performance and user experience. To support our study, we developed the Bend-aid system, a web-based sequencer with pre-designed haptic modes for pitch modulation, integrated with TorqueTuner, a rotary haptic device that controls pitch through programmable haptic effects. Then, twenty musically trained participants evaluated three haptic modes (No-force feedback (No-FF), Spring, and Detent) by performing a vibrato mimicry task, rating their experience on a Likert scale, and providing qualitative feedback in post-experiment interviews. The study assessed objective performance metrics (Pitch Error and Pitch Deviation) and subjective user experience ratings (Comfort, Ease of Control, and Helpfulness) of each haptic mode. User experience results showed that participants found force feedback helpful. Performance results showed that the Detent mode significantly improved pitch accuracy and vibrato stability compared to No-FF, while the Spring mode did not show a similar improvement. Post-experiment interviews showed preferences for Spring and Detent modes varied and people provide suggestions for future knob designs. These findings suggest that force feedback may enhance both control and the experience of control in rotary knobs, with potential applications for more nuanced control in DMIs.
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                    Assessing the Impact of Force Feedback in Musical Knobs on Performance and User Experience
                
                                    
                
                
                    Published:
30 October 2024
by MDPI
in The 2nd International Electronic Conference on Actuator Technology
session Remarkable actuator applications
                
                
                
                    Abstract: 
                                    
                        Keywords: Haptics; Rotary force feedback; Digital Musical Instruments; Vibrato; TorqueTuner
                    
                
                
                
                                    Comments on this paper
                                                                    
                                                    
                                    wilkinson wilfrid
                            
            
                7 January 2025
            
        
                The study sounds fascinating! Rotating force feedback in musical knobs could change how musicians use digital instruments. It's remarkable how Bend-aid and TorqueTuner have been merged to improve user experience. The Detent mode's pitch accuracy improvements show that haptic feedback can increase performance. I'm curious how Spring and Detent mode preferences could influence future designs. Exccited to see how this research advances musician tools that are more natural and expressive! Great job, Ziyue and colleagues!
            
        
        
            