Wireless and battery-less sensor nodes are increasingly significant in advancing technology, particularly for continuous monitoring and reducing maintenance costs. These nodes are crucial in large-scale agricultural systems, where they facilitate essential tasks such as detection, identification, and fertilization by employing self-powered wireless sensors to ensure reliable and efficient performance. This paper investigate to enhance the power density and efficiency of electromagnetic energy harvesters by optimizing the performance within the system. According to Faraday’s law, the induced voltage is influenced by several key factors, including magnetic flux density, the number of coil turns, and the relative motion between magnets and coils. To thoroughly investigate these factors, three design configurations were modelled and analyzed under specific geometric constraints. The works involved using Finite Element Method Magnetics (FEMM) simulations to accurately measure magnetic flux density, followed by implementing MATLAB code to calculate the resulting voltage and power output for each design. The results demonstrated that the optimized magnetic arrangement led to a significant increase in both voltage and power output across all tested designs. Specifically, the best-performing configuration achieved an 20 % improvement in power output compared to the initial design. Furthermore, advanced mathematical techniques, including single-objective optimization was employed to further refine the power output which leading to enhance overall efficiency and performance of the energy harvester. This work will provide good insights for the high power energy harvester which use for the wireless sensor nodes.