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Study of Total Phenolics, Flavonoids and Antioxidant Activity of Pongamia pinnata leaves extract
1, 2 , 3 , 1 , 2 , * 1
1  Phytochemistry Division, CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow- 226001, India.
2  Department of Chemistry, Isabella Thoburn College, Lucknow -226007, India
3  Phytochemistry Division, CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow- 226001, India
Academic Editor: Ren-You Gan

Abstract:

Pongamia pinnata, commonly known as Karanja, is among the most important species of the family fabaceae, with its diverse medicinal properties. It used to be found only in Asia, but now it can be found in India, Malaysia, Australia, Hawaii, Oceania, Florida, the Philippines, and Seychelles. All parts of the plant have been used for the treatment of several kind of ailments such as piles, skin diseases, and wounds. The leaves can also be utilized to treat diarrhea and cough. Leaf juice is used for relieving rheumatic pains and for cleaning ulcers. Therefore, the aim of present study was to assess the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant properties of various extracts (hexane, chloroform, butanol, methanol) of Pongamia pinnata leaves. The screening of the phytochemical profile showed that the chloroform extract had more phytochemicals than the other solvent extracts. These included saponins, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, glycosides, flavonoids, steroids, and sugar. Among all the extracts, the chloroform extract showed the highest TPC and TFC values, followed by the hexane extract. All the extracts possessed 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and total antioxidant capacity (phosphomolybdate assay), as well as reducing power, which was supported by the observation of a significant correlation with TPC and TFC. The presence of high TFC and TPC values in the chloroform extract of leaves suggests that they contain a large number of secondary metabolites, but more research is needed to assess the chemical markers. These findings lead us to conclude that chloroform extract has high pharmaceutical value, due to its high antioxidant activity.

Keywords: Key words: total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant, phytochemicals, pharmaceutical value

 
 
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