Patient compliance and medical adherence are critical factors in achieving optimal treatment outcomes, reducing healthcare costs, and enhancing patients’ quality of life. However, non-compliance and poor adherence remain persistent challenges, often stemming from factors such as complex treatment regimens, a lack of patient education, financial barriers, and psychological resistance. These issues can compromise therapeutic efficacy, increase hospitalization rates, and burden healthcare systems. In recent years, technological advancements have paved the way for innovative solutions to address these challenges. Mobile health (mHealth) applications, wearable devices, artificial intelligence (AI)-driven interventions, telemedicine, and blockchain technology have emerged as powerful tools to improve medication adherence and patient engagement. These technologies offer personalized reminders, real-time health monitoring, predictive analytics, and secure data sharing, fostering better communication between patients and healthcare providers. AI algorithms can predict adherence risks, while blockchain ensures data transparency and security. Additionally, gamification strategies and virtual coaching have shown promise in motivating patients to adhere to treatment plans. This review comprehensively explores these cutting-edge technological approaches, analyzing their impact on bridging the adherence gap and revolutionizing patient care. By leveraging these advancements, healthcare systems can create more patient-centric models, ultimately leading to improved health outcomes, sustainable healthcare practices, and enhanced patient well-being.