Nanostructured metals have gained considerable attention in biomedicine due to their superior properties, including enhanced wear resistance, improved biocompatibility, and the ability to interact favorably with human tissues. These materials are highly suitable for applications in the development of bioactive implants, prosthetics, medical devices, and other areas requiring high-performance materials. Compared to traditional metals, nanostructured materials exhibit significantly improved mechanical and chemical behaviors, enhancing their integration into the human body and reducing the risk of rejection or complications post-surgery.
A key advantage of nanostructured metals in biomedicine is their ability to improve biocompatibility by manipulating grain size and structural features at the nanometer scale. This modification enables better interaction with human tissues, minimizing risks such as inflammation or adverse reactions. Furthermore, nanostructuring significantly boosts the mechanical properties of metals, such as tensile strength and durability, making them ideal for prosthetics and implants that must endure substantial mechanical stress over extended periods.
Additionally, nanostructured metals can create bioactive surfaces that promote tissue regeneration or enable the targeted delivery of therapeutic substances. These capabilities make them particularly promising for controlled drug release applications, such as releasing anti-inflammatory or antibiotic agents directly at the site of injury or infection, thereby improving recovery times and preventing post-operative complications.
Nanostructured metals hold great promise for biomedical applications, but challenges remain in large-scale, cost-effective manufacturing and long-term stability in biological environments. Additionally, understanding their long-term effects on human health is an area that requires further research. This paper highlights the benefits, challenges, and limitations of nanostructured metals, while suggesting future research directions to improve manufacturing, performance, and integration in medical devices and implants.
