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Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Twin HTM Carbazole-Based Layers for Photovoltaic Applications
* 1 , 1 , 1 , 2
1  Laboratory of Materials, Energy and Control System, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Avenue Cdt Driss El Harti, BP 7955, Casablanca, 20702, Morocco.
2  Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Jurija Gagarina 11, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
Academic Editor: Sotirios Baskoutas

Abstract:

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their remarkable optoelectronic properties and promising potential in next-generation photovoltaic technologies. Despite rapid advancements in device design and fabrication, challenges related to long-term stability, charge transport, and overall power conversion efficiency persist. Addressing these limitations requires the development of efficient and stable charge transport layers. In this study, we present a comprehensive experimental and numerical investigation of a novel twin carbazole-based hole transport material (HTM) integrated into a perovskite solar cell structure. The SCAPS-1D simulation tool was employed to model the device architecture and systematically optimize the thickness and configuration of each layer. Experimental characterization revealed that the twin HTM exhibits strong optical absorption in the ultraviolet region, which is particularly advantageous for broad-spectrum solar harvesting. Additionally, the optical band gap was determined using the Tauc plot method, confirming its suitability for photovoltaic applications. Numerical results further confirmed the excellent charge transport capability and energetic alignment of the material with the perovskite absorber layer. The integration of this HTM also demonstrated the potential to enhance photovoltaic performance while maintaining material and processing cost-efficiency. Overall, the findings of this work emphasize the relevance of carbazole-based twin HTMs as promising candidates for high-performance, stable, and low-cost perovskite solar cell technologies.

Keywords: Carbazole; hole transporting Material; perovskite solar cells; Absorbance

 
 
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