In this study, the electronic and optical properties of a zigzag (14,0) boron nitride nanotube (BNNT) were investigated using density functional theory (DFT) with the ab initio simulation software VASP. The results revealed a characteristic density of states and an electronic band gap of approximately 0.003 eV, highlighting a semimetallic behavior for this type of nanotube. This behavior is intriguing, as BNNTs are typically known for their insulating properties, and such a discovery opens up new possibilities for applications that require semimetallic materials.

On the optical side, the calculations show several key characteristics, including absorption and the dielectric constant. Notably, significant absorption was observed in both the visible and infrared ranges, which is attributed to specific electronic interactions or unique structural modifications within the nanotube. This broad absorption spectrum suggests that BNNTs can interact effectively with a wide range of electromagnetic radiation, which is highly beneficial for optoelectronic devices.

The combination of favorable electronic and optical properties in the zigzag (14,0) BNNT suggests strong potential for use in various applications such as nanoelectronics, infrared detection devices, optical sensors, and low-dimensional electronic components. These findings pave the way for future experimental investigations to confirm the semimetallic properties of BNNTs and further optimize their performance in technological applications, especially in advanced nanodevices and sensors.