Efficient water management is very crucial for increasing wheat production, particularly in climate-sensitive regions like Bangladesh. The present study was performed in Mymensingh, a typical wheat-cultivating area in Bangladesh, to assess the impact of stage-specific irrigation scheduling on the growth dynamics, phenological development, and yield performance of bread wheat. In a field experiment, seven wheat varieties (Protiva, BARI Gom-19, -20, -22, -25, -30, and -32) were selected based on their popularity and widespread adoption among farmers and used as treatments. A two-factor split-plot experiment with three replications was employed, comprising four irrigation treatments: rainfed control = I₀; single irrigation at crown root initiation (CRI) = I₁; dual irrigation at CRI and booting = I₂; and triple irrigation at CRI, booting, and grain filling = I₃. The results showed significant variation among the varieties (treatments) for most of the measured traits; in particular, BARI Gom-32 produced the highest grain yield (4.66 tha^-1) along with its attributing traits, including the highest plant height (95.11 cm), length of spike (13.25 cm), thousand-grain weight (51.39 g), and harvest index (54.38%). Meanwhile, irrigation treatments provided significant variation for all studied traits; notably, the triple irrigation (irrigating at CRI, booting, and grain filling stages) system produced the highest value for morphological, phenological, and yield-related traits compared to other irrigation regimes. The combined effect of varying irrigation levels and varieties significantly impacted all traits related to growth and yield performance, resulting in the highest spike length (14.87 cm), number of grains spike^-1 (49.76), thousand-grain weight (52.55 g), harvest index (56.83%), and grain yield (4.82 tha^-1) in BARI Gom-32, with three irrigations applied in the CRI, booting, and grain filling stages. Grain yield had a very significant positive correlation with effective tiller number, spike length, and thousand-grain weight, particularly under I₃ irrigation. Both PCA and heatmap clustering also confirmed the high genotype × irrigation regime interaction effects, which were optimally expressed by BARI Gom-32 and BARI Gom-25 under I₃ irrigation. The findings highlight the importance of adaptive water management frameworks to optimize wheat productivity in water-scarce environments, offering a climate-resilient and agronomically effective approach to boost its domestic production in Bangladesh.