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Effect of Hydrogen peroxide pretreatment on shade tolerance in Maize (Zea mays)
1  University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Academic Editor: Rodomiro Ortiz

Published: 20 October 2025 by MDPI in The 3rd International Online Conference on Agriculture session Crop Production
Abstract:

In the shade, maize leaves exhibit high senescence because of the suppression of blue light. They also demonstrate oxidative stress traits. The shade effect also depends on light intensity and hydrogen peroxide. H2O2 is involved in signaling pathways related to various responses of antioxidants to abiotic stress. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of shade on the physiology and morphology of plants and presoaked seeds with H2O2. The maize variety Malka 2012 was soaked with different levels of H2O2 (100µM, 200µM, 300µM, 400µM, water-soaked and unsoaked). These seeds were sown in pots containing soil. After germination, half of the plants were moved to grow under tree shade, and the other half were kept under bright light. The experiment was conducted under a completely randomized design with three replicates per treatment in a factorial arrangement. After two months of sowing, the data were recorded for different growth and physiological attributes. Growth parameters including shoot length, root length, shoot diameter, number of leaves, area of leaves per plant, and fresh and dry weight of shoot and root were recorded. The physiological parameters determined include photosynthetic pigments, total chlorophyll, hydrogen peroxide, soluble phenolic, flavonoids, soluble sugar, anthocyanins, ascorbic acid, K+ , Na+ , Ca2+, Phosphate-P, Nitrate-N and Sulphate-S. Morphological and physiological parameters showed negative growth under shade stress but positive growth under light conditions with the application of 100 and 200µM of H2O2. Potassium and sulfur ions of the root and shoot show non-significant differences. Results revealed that shade stress reduces the physiology and morphology of maize. Tukey’s test was used to compare the least significant difference (LSD) at 5% probability levels. The data were analyzed using COSTAT software.

Keywords: Hydrogen peroxide, Shade, Abiotic stresses, Complete randomized design, Maize.

 
 
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