In Nigeria, potato crops are known to be widely cultivated in Plateau, Kaduna, and some parts of Kano, but little or no information is known for prospective production hubs such as the Mambilla Plateau in Taraba State, Nigeria. However, this study aims to examine relatable prospects for sustainable potato production in Nigeria with data-driven insight from the farmers in the Mambilla Plateau, Taraba State, Nigeria. The study was conducted in August 2023 at Sarduana Local Government Area, Taraba State, Nigeria. Men and women potato farmers were consulted using a quantitative structured individual in-depth interview (QSIDI) approach on information focused on the demographic, agronomic, nutrient, disease management, and postharvest management practices specific to the potato production at the Mambilla Plateau. Results showed disparities in both agronomic and management practices for the cultivation of potatoes between the men and women farmers, but they were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). However, a significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) was observed in the postharvest activities practiced by the men and women farmers interviewed, particularly in the storage facilities utilized after harvest. Four potato varieties were mentioned by the farmers, and Yellow Sese was the most preferred. The majority of the potato varieties were sourced from an open market in Cameroon, with less preference for varieties in Nigeria. The linear regression model from the study also revealed that seed source (R² = 0.48) could positively and significantly (p ≤ 0.05) be used to predict potato yield in the study area. The overview of potato production at the Mambilla Plateau, Taraba State, had clearly shown prospects for national and international intervention with a focus on driving breeding initiatives, improving the livelihoods of small-scale farmers, and increasing the chances of potatoes becoming a national crop.