Introduction: E. coli in poultry that produces extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) has emerged as a significant health concern in Bangladesh. To reduce the harmful impacts, it is urgently necessary to increase awareness and conduct scientifically based research by implementing a surveillance program on the genotypic antibiotic resistance profiles of E. coli obtained from chickens in Bangladesh.

Methods: This paper used a rigorous approach to locate scientific publications published between 2014 and 2024 that addressed the prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli genes derived from poultry in Bangladesh. Data from the Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), which is part of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOH&FW) of the Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, was thoroughly analyzed in this research.

Results: Poultry isolates showed greater diversity in blaTEM, followed by blaSHV. Moreover, blaTEM is the most often found ESBL type in poultry, with detection rates ranging from 1% to 95%. The substantial association between the genotypes and phenotypes may suggest that the presence of specific blaTEM genes in their genomes is primarily responsible for the 83%–87% ampicillin resistance.

Conclusions: To address this ongoing public health issue and stop the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria across the food supply chain, cooperation between public health officials, veterinarians, food manufacturers, and consumers is essential.