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Satellite navigation in safety-critical decision making
* 1 , 2 , 1
1  Researcher
2  Researher
Academic Editor: Tomasz Hadas

Published: 22 December 2025 by MDPI in European Navigation Conference 2025 topic Maritime Navigation
Abstract:

GPS manipulation in shipping can lead to significant navigational challenges. Such disruptions may result from various factors, including atmospheric conditions, satellite malfunctions, or intentional jamming. The impact on shipping operations includes potential delays, increased operational costs, and safety risks for crews and vessels. Understanding these disturbances and their implications is crucial for enhancing maritime safety and efficiency. Common causes of GPS disturbances in shipping include atmospheric effects such as ionospheric and tropospheric delays, satellite signal obstructions due to terrain or buildings, satellite malfunctions or failures, and intentional interference like jamming. These factors can lead to inaccuracies in positioning, affecting navigation and safety. GPS signals are vulnerable to various cyber threats, including spoofing, jamming, and signal interference. Spoofing involves sending counterfeit GPS signals to mislead receivers, while jamming disrupts the legitimate signals. Ensuring the integrity and security of GPS systems is crucial for applications like navigation, timing, and critical infrastructure. Advanced encryption and authentication methods can help safeguard the security of GPS signals. These vulnerabilities can have profound implications for navigation systems and critical infrastructure. Enhancing GPS security requires a combination of advanced technologies and policies to improve signal integrity and authentication processes. This paper introduces a behavioral approach to enhancing cybersecurity in commercial shipping through European collaboration in the CyberSEA project.

Keywords: navigation; positioning; global positioning system; global navigation satellite system; disturbance; security

 
 
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