This study investigated the potential of using differently treated sawdust-based diets to sustainably enhance livestock production, specifically focusing on West African Dwarf (WAD) goats in Nigeria.

Thirty-six (36) intact male West African Dwarf (WAD) goats, with an initial mean body weight range of 9-10kg, were utilized in an 8-week feeding trial. The experimental design was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The animals were randomly allocated to the four dietary treatment groups such that nine (9) goats served as replicates per treatment group. Sawdust of fine-milled Gmelina arborea was harvested from the nearby sawmill, picked to remove dirt, and treated using wood ash (T1)—10% w/v, hot water (T2)—100^oC for 2 hours, caustic soda (T3)—4% w/v, and molasses (T4)—1:9 w/w of molasses/sawdust before being mixed with other feed ingredients. The feed was offered at 4% of the body weight of the animals. Data were collected on crude protein content, dry matter intake (DMI) (g/day), volatile fatty acids (VFAs), packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cells (RBCs), CO₂, and total volatile organic compounds.

The results showed significant differences in the chemical composition of the diets. Molasses-treated sawdust diet (T4) had the highest crude protein content (5.69%), highest concentrations of VFAs, and lowest TVOC emissions (0.40 mg/m³), showing its potential as a high-quality feed option with lower environmental impact. In contrast, caustic soda-treated sawdust (T3) had the highest TVOC levels (0.52 mg/m³). Carbon dioxide emissions were highest in T4 (4996.67 ppm) and lowest in T1 (3911.50 ppm). Results demonstrated that pre-treatment significantly altered the sawdust composition and animal performance. All treated diets had a positive effect on haematological parameters.

This study shows the feasibility of incorporating treated sawdust-based diets into livestock management practices to ensure the suitability of the diets and the high productivity of West African Dwarf goats.