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Mechanical behavior of human bones with different saturation levels
* 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 2
1  Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, Aerospazione, dei Materiali, DICAM, University of Palermo
2  Dipartimento di Biomedicina Sperimentale e Neuroscienze Cliniche, BioNeC, University of Palermo

Abstract:

Human bone is one of the most common connective tissue of biological human structure. In  relation to the internal microstructure there are two main types of bone tissue: compact in the cortical zone and spongy or trabecular in the internal zone.  The porous structure in general is side for the marrow. Considering the relevant function of that tissue, the porosity is not uniform. Porous diameter increase from the cortical to the centre of bones, as the connections of porous increasing with the thickness of the bone tissue.

The presence of serum inside the porous structure of bone tissue produce a different behaviour in bones below loads, and related with the condition of the load is applied. The response of material is different in relation at the level of serum inside the tissue and in relation of the load action direction. In same stress condition the velocity of loading generate different response related with the dimensions of porous and permeability parameters.

In this work, three different type of bone tissue are investigated. From Calcaneus, from skull and form rib of human skeletal system. The specimens are subjected at compression test in, displacement control, until they reach the ultimate stress, in dry and wet condition. It is observed that level of serum.

A 3 groups (one for each tissue type) of 20 specimens each are tested in dry and wet condition. maximum stress, strain, elastic deformation Energy, total deformation energy, are measured. statistical analysis is conducted and qualitative relationship are deducted in reference to the density and specific mechanical characteristics.

The tests show compact tissue as skull are more appropriate to perform load action, instead calcaneus work as reticular structure with high deformation levels.

Keywords: porous tissue, bones, calcaneus, skull, rib, resistance, energy
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