In recent years, low-dimensional semiconductor structures have attracted extensive research interest. However, due to the large surface-to-volume ratio, surface states play very important roles on the optical properties of the materials. In this talk, I will introduce the manipulation of optical property of low-dimensional semiconductors through different approaches, for example, surface passivation, introduction of localized states, strain, energy transfer, etc. The combination of these methods will enable the improvement of the optical property of materials and their practical device applications.