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BASE WINE AND TRADITIONAL SPARKLING WINE MAKING USING TORULASPORA DELBRUECKII KILLER YEASTS
* 1 , 1 , 2 , 2 , 1 , 3 , 1 , 1
1  Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas (Área de Microbiología), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
2  Estación Enológica, Junta de Extremadura, 06200 Almendralejo, Spain
3  IUT Génie Biologique, Université de Bourgogne BP 17867 21078 DIJON CEDEX, France

https://doi.org/10.3390/foods_2020-07756 (registering DOI)
Abstract:

The killer strains of Torulaspora delbrueckii can be used to improve the dominance of this yeast during must fermenta­tion. The present work analyzes its usefulness for traditional spar­kling wine making (base wine and cava). T. delbrueckii killer strain dominated base wine fermentation better than non-killer strains and produced dried wines. The foam ability of T. delbrueckii base wines was very low compa­red to that of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Significant posi­tive correlations of foam parameters were found with the amounts of C4-C16 ethyl esters and proteins, and negative correlations with some antifoam alcohols. The organoleptic quality of T. delbrueckii base wines was considered inap­propriate for cava making. While S. cerevisiae (alone or mixed with T. delbrueckii) completed the second fermen­tation to produce dry sparkling wines with high CO2 pres­sure, T. delbrueckii alone did not complete this fermen­tation, leaving sweet wines with low CO2 pressure. Death due to CO2 pressure was much higher in T. delbrueckii than in S. cerevisiae, making any killer effect of S. cerevi­siae on T. delbrueckii irrelevant. However, the organo­leptic quality of cava inoculated with mixtures of the two yeast species was better than that of wine inocula­ted exclusively with S. cerevisiae, and no deterioration in the quality of the foam was observed.

Keywords: Yeast; killer; Torulaspora delbrueckii; sparkling wine; aging; autolysis; foam; aroma.

 
 
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