Landscape dynamics of wetland are critical for understanding Lake ecosystem health and sustainability. The paper characterizes the spatiotemporal dynamics of the wetland landscape in the Poyang lake during 2017–2019 to reveal the spatially explicit influential indicators. Time-series Sentinel 2 and Sentinel 1 (C-band) images are used to investigate the spatial-temporal image characters variation for different wetland vegetation in growing season. NDVI, IRECI, Backscattering coefficients, scatter mechanisms will be selected from the Sentinel 2 and Sentinel 1 to study the spectral and structure information of the wetland vegetation. SVM and Random Forest are used to classify the time-series images. The results showed that NDVI and IRECI were the main factors to decide the accuracy of the map. And backscatter coefficients VH polarization and spatial-temporal scatter mechanisms are the good supplement to improve the classification accuracy. Carex and miscanthus are the main communities for Poyang lake wetland. The landscape of the wetland vegetation partially change during 2017-2019 since the high dynamic hydrological changes. The amount of Zizania community is increasing greatly with the water level decreasing. Furthermore, the water level decreasing played an important role to accelerate the swampiness of the Lake wetland.