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Photodynamic inactivation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus on skin using a porphyrinic formulation
* 1 , 1 , * 1 , 2 , 2 , 2 , * 1
1  Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
2  Department of Chemistry & LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal

https://doi.org/10.3390/ECA2021-09612 (registering DOI)
Abstract:

Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for skin and soft tissue infections that can progress to invasive and life-threatening infections. This bacterium easily acquires antibiotic resistance against all classes of antibiotics. Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) seems to be a very a promising alternative for the treatment of localized infections in response to the growing problem of antibiotic resistance, requiring only a photosensitizer, light and oxygen. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of a porphyrinic formulation (FORM) as photosensitizer in the photoinactivation of a methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strain on skin. Potassium iodide (KI) and iodopovidone (PVP-I) were also tested in combination with FORM as aPDT potentiator agents. The in vitro results showed that FORM was effective to inactivate MRSA. A substantial reduction in the irradiation time, when compared to FORM alone, was observed for FORM + KI and FORM + PVP-I combinations. In the ex vivo assays with porcine skin artificially contaminated with the MRSA strain, reductions in bacterium survival of 3.1 Log10 (CFU) mL−1 were observed with FORM at 50 μM. Although the combined action of FORM + KI and FORM + PVP-I potentiated the aPDT efficacy in vitro, this effect was not observed ex vivo. Overall, the results showed that aPDT using FORM, even without coadjutants, is a promising approach for MRSA inactivation on skin.

Keywords: Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy; Porphyrinic formulation; Potentiator agents; Potassium iodide; Iodopovidone; Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
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