JMSE Webinar | Marine Oils Spills
26 Jan 2021, 00:00
Oils Spill, Shoreline Cleanup, Modeling, Remote Sensing of Oil
Webinar Information
1st JMSE Webinar
Marine Oil Spills
The webinar will provide an update on three important topics in the oil spill field. Shoreline cleanup is an important topic and often constitutes a large part of oil spill countermeasures. Modeling the behavior and fate of spilled oil is the second topic covered. The third topic is the remote sensing of oil.
Chair: Dr. Merv Fingas
Date: 26 January 2021
Time: 10.00am PST | 1.00pm EST | 7.00pm CET
Webinar ID: 811 5290 9779
This webinar will include the following experts:
Dr. Merv Fingas, Spill Science, Canada |
Dr. Merv Fingas is a scientist working on oil spills. He was Chief of the Emergencies Science Division of Environment Canada for over 30 years and is currently working on research in Western Canada. Prof. Dr. Fingas has a Ph.D. in environmental physics from McGill University, three master's degrees; chemistry, business, and mathematics, all from the University of Ottawa. He also has a bachelor of science in Chemistry from Alberta and a bachelor of arts from Indiana. He has published more than 970 papers and publications in the field. Merv has prepared 10 books on spill topics and is working on two new ones. He is chairman of several ASTM and inter-governmental committees on spill matters. Dr. Fingas’s specialties include oil chemistry, spill dynamics and behavior, spill treating agents, remote sensing and detection, and in-situ burning. He continues to work on developing new technologies in these fields. |
Dr. Jacqueline Michel |
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Dr. Edward Owens |
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Dr. William J. Lehr |
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Program
The webinar will start at 10:00 AM PST/ 13:00 PM EST and last about 2 hours.
Presentation |
Time in PST/EST |
Dr. Merv Fingas Introduction |
10.00 am/1.00 pm |
Dr. Jacqueline Michel A Response Guide for Sunken Oil Mats (SOMs): Formation, Behavior, Detection and Recovery A 2020 response guide has been developed for detection and recovery of sunken oil mats (SOMs) in marine environments. Following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, SOMs (which were called submerged oil mats) formed across the Gulf Coast region but in the greatest density along the sand beaches of the Panhandle of Florida and coastal Alabama. SOMs were a constant source of reoiling of the beaches during the four years of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill response, and chronic reoiling has continued for years. The challenge of detecting and removing these SOMs led to more research into the formation process and persistence of SOMs. Oil-sand mixtures that can lead to the formation of SOMs are believed to occur by two distinct processes: 1) Floating oil interacts with sand suspended in the water column by waves breaking on shallow, nearshore bars, called offshore entrainment; and 2) Stranded oil on the shoreline that picks up sand and subsequently erodes from the beach during periods of high wave action, called onshore sand uptake. The guide includes: a table of case histories where SOMs formed after oil spills; a summary of the literature on SOMs; a description of conditions necessary for SOM formation and persistence, including a discussion of the formation and behavior of Oily SOMs (>40% oil) and Sandy SOMs (>60% sand); the most effective survey methods to detect SOMs; and the most effective removal methods that also minimize environmental impact. Detection and removal methods are described for SOMs in |
10.10 am/1.10 pm |
Q&A Session |
10.30 am/1.30 pm |
Dr. Edward Owens Field Trials with Weathered and Heavy Subsurface Oils to Investigate the Ability of Detection Canines to Support Spill Response Surveys Field trials using three trained Oil Detection Canines were conducted to evaluate their ability to detect subsurface targets of subsurface weathered and heavy oils; including weathered Macondo oils, Bunker C and tar ball material. The first component of the trials consisted of a set of thirty-eight (38) indoor tests with five oils and included three (3) blank runs, one for each canine, during which no oil targets were missed (100%). The second component involved an off-leash Wide-Area Survey (WAS) with an array of ten 5-m length vertical pipes distributed throughout a 0.5 hectare grassy field and with the five target oils each buried at the base of an inner pipe. The canines correctly located twenty (20) of the twenty-one (21) oil targets (96.3%). A commercial Photo Ionization Detector (PID) with a detection capability of 0.01 ppm did not detect Volatile Organic Carbons (VOCs) using the same indoor set up as the canine tests despite the sample port being held within 2 cm above the target container lid and only registered VOCs on five (5) of the seven (7) target pipes when the device sample port was held still inside the pipe within 2 cm of the soil surface. |
10.40 am/1.40 pm |
Q&A Session | 11.00 am/2.00 pm |
Dr. William J. Lehr Are Neural Networks the Answer to Long-Standing Scientific Challenges in Oil Spill Analysis? An increasing fraction of spill research technical papers are using neural networks as part of their approach. This talk will briefly review what are neural networks and look at sample applications to three areas, remote sensing of spills, trajectory prediction, and emulsification. The expected benefits and limitations compared to traditional methods are presented. |
11.10 am/2.10 pm |
Q&A Session | 11.30 am/2.30 pm |
Dr. Merv Fingas Oil Spill Remote Sensing: An Update The technical aspects of oil spill remote sensing are examined and the practical uses and drawbacks of each technology are given with a focus on unfolding technology. The use of visible techniques is common, but limited to certain observational conditions and simple applications. Infrared cameras offer some potential as oil spill sensors but have several limitations. Both techniques, although limited in capability, are widely used because of their economy. The laser fluorosensor uniquely detects oil on substrates that include shoreline, water, soil, plants, ice, and snow. Radar detects calm areas on water and thus, oil on water, because oil will reduce capillary waves on a water surface given moderate winds. Radar provides a unique option for wide area surveillance, all day or night and rainy/cloudy weather. Satellite-carried radars with their frequent overpass and high spatial resolution make these day–night and all-weather sensors essential for delineating both spills. Most strategic oil spill mapping is now being carried out using radar. Slick thickness measurements have been sought for many years. The operational sensor at this time uses passive microwave. |
11.40 am/2.40 pm |
Q&A Session |
12.00 pm/3.00 pm |
Webinar Content
On Tuesday, 26th January, MDPI and Journal of Marine Science and Engineering organized the webinar “Journal of Marine Science and Engineering | Marine Oils Spills"
The introduction was held by the chair of the webinar, Prof. Dr. Merv Fingas. Dr. Merv Fingas was Chief of the Emergencies Science Division of Environment Canada for over 30 years and is currently working on research in Western Canada. Prof. Dr. Fingas has a Ph.D. in environmental physics from McGill University, three master's degrees; chemistry, business, and mathematics, all from the University of Ottawa.
Dr. Jacqueline Michel held the first presentation, which was entitled “A Response Guide for Sunken Oil Mats (SOMs): Formation, Behavior, Detection and Recovery”. Dr. Michel has been a leader in the development of methods and the conduct of Natural Resource Damage Assessments following spills and groundings. She is also one of the founders of RPI and has been President since 2000.
The second presentation with the title “Field Trials with Weathered and Heavy Subsurface Oils to Investigate the Ability of Detection Canines to Support Spill Response Surveys” was held by Dr. Edward Owens. Dr. Owens is President of Owens Coastal Consults (OCC) and the Owens Response Group (ORG) International. He has also over 50 years of experience in marine and inland oil spill response and training worldwide.
The third speaker of the webinar was Dr. William J. Lehr. His presentation was entitled: “Are Neural Networks the Answer to Long-Standing Scientific Challenges in Oil Spill Analysis?” Dr. William J. Lehr is scientist emeritus for the U.S. National Ocean Service and he is a recognized expert in the field of hazardous chemical spill modeling.
The last presentation with the title "Oil Spill Remote Sensing: An Update" was held by the chair Dr. Merv Fingas.
Each presentation was followed by a Q &A and a discussion, moderated by the chair. The webinar was offered via Zoom and required registration to attend. The full recording can be found here on Sciforum website. In order to stay updated on the next webinars on Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, be sure to sign up for our newsletter by clicking on “Subscribe” at the top of the page.
Relevant Special Issues
Marine Oil Spills
Guest Editor: Prof. Dr. Merv Fingas
Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 March 2021