MOL2NET Effect of Canabidiol in the Treatment of Epilepsy

: One of the most current discussions these days is about the benefits of using the medicinal plant Cannabis sativa , generally known as marijuana or cannabis. Studies have been proving the effectiveness of cannabidiol as a therapeutic resource in psychic disorders, such as anxiety, schizophrenia and epilepsy. Latter, is a chronic disorder that occurs mainly in childhood and adolescence, characterized by excessive and abnormal activity of brain cells. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the applicability of Cannabidiol against the symptoms of

Epilepsy is a chronic disorder that occurs mainly in childhood and adolescence.It is defined as a neurological disorder characterized by excessive and hypersynchronous neuronal activity, presenting seizures (GUYTON; HALL, 2011; PASTORELLO; CAO; TREVISAN, 2011), causing, for example, changes in consciousness, or motor, sensory and autonomic events.Seizures can be caused by clinical problems such as head injury, infectious diseases of the central nervous system, or drug withdrawal.However, the exact cause remains unknown.(SCHELLACK, 2008).

Results and Discussion
The endocannabinoid system is responsible for producing a response to epileptiform activity.CB1 receptors, located mainly in presynaptic neurons of the CNS, mediate the psychotropic effects of cannabinoids, being found in high amounts in the hypothalamus, CB1 and CB2 receptors are coupled to an inhibitory G protein which, when activated, inhibits the enzyme cyclase, leading to decreased cyclic AMP levels and inhibition of calcium channels.Activation of CB1 receptors inhibits the release of neurotransmitters, inhibitory or excitatory (PEDRAZZI et al., 2014).In epileptic seizures there is excessive release of glutamate, excitatory neurotransmitter, and union with glutaminergic receptors in large numbers, leading to the abnormal release of Ca2+ into the postsynaptic neuron.Associated with the mutations that lead to the low production or inefficiency of the GABA inhibitory neurotransmitter, the consequences are excessive, sudden and recurrent discharges into the cerebral cortex, as evidenced in epileptic seizures, depending, therefore, on the balance between the neurotransmitters (BRAGATTI, 2014; LUTZ, 2004).

Materials and Methods
The data were retrospectively collected from reviews and bibliographical articles in search of theoretical-methodological basis for the development of the study, the research period was Mol2Net, 2015, 1(Section A, B, C, etc.), 1-x, type of paper, doi: xxx-xxxx 3 from 2014 to 2018.Clinical studies have been conducted investigating the efficacy of cannabidiol as an adjuvant therapy for seizures in patients.

Conclusions
It is possible to conclude that cannabidiol has broad therapeutic potential in disorders of the central nervous system.Studies shows that Cannabis sativa has a high pharmacological potential in the treatment of seizures, but more studies should be performed both for the confirmation of these pharmacological effects and for the proper approval in the medical use in treatments of anxiety, schizophrenia, epilepsy, among other pathologies.
cerebral cortex and cerebellum (GUINDON;HOHMAN, 2009;SAGAR et al., 2009).CB2 receptors are predominantly located in immune cells, and are traditionally referred to as peripheral cannabinoid receptors.However, recently CB2 receptors have been identified in specific areas of the CNS, such as in microglia and post-synaptic sites(MATOS et al., 2017), in addition to acting on the immune system for being found in lymphoid tissues, spleen, and membranes of circulating monocytes and mast cells(RANG  et al., 2007;PERNONCINNE;OLIVEIRA, 2014).Recent studies have shown that CB2 receptors can also be expressed in neural cells involved in the perception and modulation of pain(ZHANG et al., 2003;ELMES, 2004).