This work aims to study the dynamics of the interaction between the parasitoid Dinarmus basalis and its host the cowpea weevil Callosobruchus maculatus. A correlation investigation was carried out between the biochemical composition of the fourth instar larvae L4 of C. maculatus and the biological and demographic performances of its enemy D. basalis. Three strains of the cowpea weevil were used. A laboratory colony of C. maculatus was initiated on chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) for 45 generations and then reared on the ancestral host cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) for 15 generations. A wild colony of C. maculatus was collected from infested chickpea crops. Results showed that the biology and performances of D. basalis are closely related to those of its host C. maculatus. In addition, biochemical analysis revealed that the whole body composition of the fourth-stage host larvae of the three C. maculatus strains is high in sugars (19.99, 13.66 and 14.88 μg/μl) and protein (15.15, 13.14 and 16.91 μg/μl) respectively for cowpea, chickpea and wild strain. Nevertheless, low contents of lipids (8.83, 8.82 and 9.15 μg/μl) and glycogen (2.70, 3.04 and 3.19 μg/μl) respectively for cowpea strain, chickpea strain and wild strain were obtained. In addition, D. basalis demonstrated its ability to control and limit C. maculatus populations with a parasitism rate of 86% on wild strain that has the highest lipid and protein contents compared to 62.22% for the cowpea strain that had the highest content of sugars and glycogen. Results also pointed out that sugars have a significant effect on the longevity of parasitoid adults. A highly significant positive relationship was found between sugar content and sex ratio. Thus, when the host of D. basalis is high in sugars the female gives offspring in favor of females. The results also revealed the importance of protein and lipid contents on the increase of the rate of parasitism. A highly significant positive correlation between parasitism rate and protein (r = 0.258) and lipid (r = 0.481) contents was observed.