The cause of hyperandrogenism in adolescent girls, typical for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is still not fully understood.

The aim of the study was to check whether there is a correlation between macronutrient intake and testosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate ( DHEA) and the sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) serum concentration in adolescent girls.

The study included 96 Caucasian girls aged 13-18 years: 61 girls with PCOS and 35 healthy girls. A fasting blood sample was obtained for measurement of serum DHEA-S, SHBG, total testosterone and androstenedione. Macronutrient intake was assessed using the three-day food record method.

Our research indicates that the hypothesis of a relationship existing between macronutrient intake in girls in the peripubertal period and serum androgen concentration is true for dietary fat, protein and fiber consumption. There was a significant positive correlation between total fat, monosaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and testosterone and androstendione, and between saturated fatty acids (SFA) and testosterone. Fiber showed a negative correlation with the concentration of androstendione. SHBH concentrations showed a positive correlation only with total dietary protein.