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Finite Difference simulation on Biomagnetic Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer with Gold Nanoparticles towards a Shrinking Sheet in the presence of a Magnetic Dipole
* 1 , 2 , 2 , 3
1  University of Dhaka
2  Department of Mathematics, Comilla University, Cumilla-3506, Bangladesh
3  Fluid Mechanics and Turbomachinary Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of the Peloponnese, Tripoli, Greece.
Academic Editor: Juan Torregrosa

Abstract:

In this paper, we study the laminar, incompressible and steady flow of a biomagnetic fluid such as blood containing gold nanoparticles through a shrinking sheet in the presence of a magnetic dipole. Here, we consider blood as a biomagnetic fluid which is also taken as a base fluid and gold as non-magnetic particles. This model is consistent with both the principles of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and ferro-hydrodynamics (FHD). The main concentration is to study biomagnetic fluid flow with non-magnetic particles that passes through a two dimensional shrinking sheet under the influence of heat source, Brownian motion and thermophoresis in the presence of a blood with gold nanoparticles which has not been studied yet as far as best knowledge of authors. The flow equations, such as momentum and energy, are physically described by a system of coupled, non-linear partial differential equations with suitable boundary conditions, and they are transformed into a non-linear system of ordinary differential equations by using the appropriate similarity transformations. An effective numerical method that is based on an iterative process, tridiagonal matrix manipulation, and a common finite difference method with central differencing is used to generate the numerical solution. The velocity, temperature, concentration distribution and the skin friction coefficient, local Nusselt number and Sherwood number are all calculated numerically. The major numerical results show that the fluid velocity decreases as the ferromagnetic number increases whereas the skin friction coefficient shows the opposite behavior. As the ferromagnetic number increases, the rate of heat transfer with ferromagnetic interaction parameter is likewise observed and shown to be decreasing. There is a great deal of agreement between them and a previous study that is mentioned in the literature. Such findings are hoped to be helpful in the medical field, particularly in MRI, magnetic drug targeting, and magnetic hypothermia treatments.

Keywords: Biomagnetic fluid, gold nanoparticles, magnetic dipole, magnetohydrodynamic, ferrohydrodynamic, finite difference method.
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