It is well known that studies of the luminescence of bases, nucleosides, nucleotides,
and especially their acid forms at room temperature are not sufficiently detailed concerning their
luminescence. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyse and compare their spectral
properties. We studied the absorption and luminescence of monoribonucleotides and their
components dissolved in water at room temperature. For these samples, we measured absorption
spectra using a Specord 210plus instrument and excitation and emission of fluorescence and
phosphorescence spectra using Horiba Fluoro Max+ instruments. We observed a change in the
ratio between the peaks of the absorption spectra of acidic and salt forms of nucleotides. The
presence of luminescence was observed in nucleotides in both their acid and salt forms, as well as
in their nucleosides and bases. In addition, slight changes in the luminescence spectra were
observed for acid and salt forms of nucleotides. The luminescence intensity decreases from
nucleotides to bases. Therefore, our observations confirm that nucleotides, nucleosides, and
nucleic acid bases exhibit luminescence at room temperature, which may be useful information for
further research in this direction. In addition, changes in the luminescence spectra between acidic
and salt forms of nucleotides can be important diagnostic features in biochemical and medical
studies, where the identification and separation of different forms of nucleotides is important.