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Facial and Smile symmetry: Customized Iris Positioning Device for Enhancing the Realism of Ocular Prostheses
1 , 1 , * 1 , 1 , 2 , 3 , * 4
1  Department of Prosthodontics, JSS Dental College and Hospital, Bannimantap, Mysuru, Karnataka- 570015, India
2  Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata"
3  Department of Biomedical and Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Catania University, 95123 Catania, Italy
4  Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialist Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80121 Naples, Italy
Academic Editor: Nunzio Cennamo

Abstract:

Facial symmetry is an essential aspect of human aesthetics, contributing significantly to the perception of attractiveness and beauty. The eyes, being one of the most prominent facial features, play a crucial role in facial symmetry and are subject to extensive scrutiny in terms of their morphological and functional aspects. Numerous studies have explored the association between facial symmetry and the morphology of the eyes. Symmetrical faces are generally perceived as more attractive and are believed to indicate good genetic health. As a result, research has focused on the measurements of ocular symmetry, including inter-eye distance, eye shape, and eyelid symmetry. It has been found that individuals with more symmetrical eyes are often perceived as more attractive and exhibit enhanced social desirability. The eyes play a crucial role in facial expression and are vital sensory organs. The loss of an eye can have significant social, physical, and psychological impacts. Customized ocular prostheses are created to replace the missing eye globe, matching the patient's socket dimensions and natural eye color. In the field of dentistry, addressing facial disfigurement caused by shrunken eyelids is of utmost importance. In fact, we present a case report of a patient with a missing eyeball, which was replaced through a prosthesis to restore facial symmetry and harmony. A 49-year-old patient presented with a chief complaint of facial disfigurement due to shrunken right eyelids resulting from trauma-related evisceration. Diagnosis: Trauma-related evisceration. Various techniques for iris positioning have been reported in the literature, but they have had limitations. This clinical report presents an improved and effective technique utilizing a Customized Iris Positioning Device, consisting of a transparent graph sheet attached to a forehead clip. Outcome: The customized ocular prosthesis significantly improved the patient's quality of life and restored her self-confidence. The Customized Iris Positioning Device offered enhanced proximity to the eye and provided several advantages, including accurate pupil centralization, customization, re-verification, and cost-effectiveness, which are crucial considerations in dental rehabilitation. Facial symmetry and eye asymmetry are complex phenomena that intertwine in their morphological, functional, and evolutionary aspects. While facial symmetry contributes to perceptions of attractiveness and mate selection, eye asymmetry affects visual function and perception. This abstract underscores the importance of studying these interrelated features from both scientific and clinical perspectives to gain deeper insights into human aesthetics, evolution, and health.Therefore, this case report aims to demonstrate that custom eye prostheses best restore facial symmetry and mimicry, giving the patient greater comfort and a better social life.

Keywords: Custom made, Ocular prosthesis, Evisceration, Iris Positioning, Graph Grid

 
 
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