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The investigation of crucial tests for medium voltage vacuum circuit breaker
Huseyin Uc
1
,
1
,
Seyit Ali Ceyhuni
1
,
Ahmet Ocak
1
,
2
,
*
3
Academic Editor: Humbert G. Díaz
Published:
24 December 2023
by MDPI
in MOL2NET'23, Conference on Molecular, Biomed., Comput. & Network Science and Engineering, 9th ed.
congress NICE.XSM-09: North-Ibero-America Congress on Exp. & Simul. Methods, Valencia, Spain-Miami, USA, 2023.
Abstract:
Because of the harmful effect of the environment, the use of SF6 is restricted and its alternatives are investigated. Among those alternatives, vacuum circuit breaker gain a crucial role at mostly in medium voltages.In this study, the capacitive current test, electrical endurance test and mechanical operation test are investigated among why they are crucial and what those means with the insulation way of thinking.
Keywords: Vacuum circuit breaker, capacitive current test, electrical endurance test, mechanical operation test
Comments on this paper
Shan He
2 January 2024
How do the results of the mechanical operation test impact the insulation capability of vacuum circuit breakers in medium-voltage applications?
Suleyman Tezcan
5 January 2024
In the datasheets of the vacuum tubes (Vacuum Interrupter) used in vacuum circuit breakers, the manufacturer specifies the product's technical requirements and an average time for its mechanical/electrical life. We carry out the Mechanical Operation Test to predict the behavior of both the breaker mechanism and the vacuum tubes of the breaker after 10,000 operations. We conduct this experiment to verify the requirements given by the vacuum tube manufacturer, ensure that the materials in the breaker mechanism can operate 10,000 times with no wear, breakage, damage, etc., and predict whether the business can maintain its continuity. If we consider that the poles of the vacuum breaker open and close 10000 times in this experiment and the forces of the closing and opening springs used in the breaker, this may cause the vacuum environment to deteriorate. If a breaker's vacuum environment/integrity is disrupted, the breaker cannot perform its function and cannot ensure operating continuity.
Humbert G. Díaz
5 January 2024
Dear author(s), Happy New Year 24, Thank you for your contribution to our conference!!!
We have a question for you, you can read and answer bellow.
Question for Authors:
Why SF6 was selected in the first instance, are there other chemical candidates?
REVIEWWWERS'23 participation:
We also invite you to participate in the REVIEWWWERS Workshop, which is now open, by making questions to other authors.
The steps are very easy. instructions: Step(1), Register/Login here [Register/Login] to Sciforum platform. Step(2), Go to presetations list [MOL2NET'23 Papers List], Step(3), Scroll down papers list and click on one title. Step(4), Scroll down and click on Commenting button, post your comment, and click submit. Step(5), Repeat review process for other papers. Step(6), Request certificate. See details [Reviewers Workshop] or contact us at Email: mol2net.chair@gmail.com.
We have a question for you, you can read and answer bellow.
Question for Authors:
Why SF6 was selected in the first instance, are there other chemical candidates?
REVIEWWWERS'23 participation:
We also invite you to participate in the REVIEWWWERS Workshop, which is now open, by making questions to other authors.
The steps are very easy. instructions: Step(1), Register/Login here [Register/Login] to Sciforum platform. Step(2), Go to presetations list [MOL2NET'23 Papers List], Step(3), Scroll down papers list and click on one title. Step(4), Scroll down and click on Commenting button, post your comment, and click submit. Step(5), Repeat review process for other papers. Step(6), Request certificate. See details [Reviewers Workshop] or contact us at Email: mol2net.chair@gmail.com.
Suleyman Tezcan
5 January 2024
SF6 was not selected in the first instance. Experiments were carried out with a vacuum circuit breaker. Tests of the breaker in a vacuum environment, not SF6 or gas alternatives to SF6, were examined.
Humbert G. Díaz
6 January 2024
Dear author, thank you very much for your answer.
My question was not properly formulated sorry. I have understood that you do not have used SF6.
However, I was intended to focus not on your work but on previous works in the past.
Why previously other authors selected SF6 in the past?
What are other alternatives to vacumm or SF6 gas, e.g. fother gases, liquids, gel, etc.?
Thank you very much for your support, the topic is very interesting.
Please, post your own questions to other authors in this or other congresses of the conference.
My question was not properly formulated sorry. I have understood that you do not have used SF6.
However, I was intended to focus not on your work but on previous works in the past.
Why previously other authors selected SF6 in the past?
What are other alternatives to vacumm or SF6 gas, e.g. fother gases, liquids, gel, etc.?
Thank you very much for your support, the topic is very interesting.
Please, post your own questions to other authors in this or other congresses of the conference.
Hidir Duzkaya
7 January 2024
Dear Prof. H. G. Diaz,
Thank you very much for your valuable contributions and comments.
SF6 gas stands out with its dielectric strength, which is approximately 3 times that of air, and its stable physicochemical properties. Thanks to these features, it has been widely used for more than 70 years in many equipment such as breakers, disconnectors and transformers where high-energy arcs are observed.
However, it is one of the most important greenhouse gases due to its GWP value, which is 23500 times higher than CO2 in 100 years equivalent, and its use is recommended by international environmental legislation to restrict it. SF6 alternative gases are basically examined in categories such as non-synthetic gases, hydrocarbons, fluorocarbons, fluoroketones and fluoronitriles. Two review articles where detailed information on this subject can be found are shared below.
1. Beroual, A.; Haddad, A. Recent Advances in the Quest for a New Insulation Gas with a Low Impact on the Environment to Replace Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) Gas in High-Voltage Power Network Applications. Energies 2017, 10, 1216. https://doi.org/10.3390/en10081216. https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/8/1216
2. Düzkaya, H., Tezcan, S. S., Acartürk, A., & Yılmaz, M. (2020). Environmental and physiochemical properties of gaseous dielectrics alternatives to SF6. Al-Jazari, 7(3), 1460-1470. dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/ecjse/issue/56910/742492
As can be seen from these studies, no fully successful results have been obtained yet in the search for SF6 alternative gas. For this reason, the use of vacuum tubes has become an important alternative in circuit breaker designs, especially at medium voltage levels.
Best regards,
Thank you very much for your valuable contributions and comments.
SF6 gas stands out with its dielectric strength, which is approximately 3 times that of air, and its stable physicochemical properties. Thanks to these features, it has been widely used for more than 70 years in many equipment such as breakers, disconnectors and transformers where high-energy arcs are observed.
However, it is one of the most important greenhouse gases due to its GWP value, which is 23500 times higher than CO2 in 100 years equivalent, and its use is recommended by international environmental legislation to restrict it. SF6 alternative gases are basically examined in categories such as non-synthetic gases, hydrocarbons, fluorocarbons, fluoroketones and fluoronitriles. Two review articles where detailed information on this subject can be found are shared below.
1. Beroual, A.; Haddad, A. Recent Advances in the Quest for a New Insulation Gas with a Low Impact on the Environment to Replace Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) Gas in High-Voltage Power Network Applications. Energies 2017, 10, 1216. https://doi.org/10.3390/en10081216. https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/8/1216
2. Düzkaya, H., Tezcan, S. S., Acartürk, A., & Yılmaz, M. (2020). Environmental and physiochemical properties of gaseous dielectrics alternatives to SF6. Al-Jazari, 7(3), 1460-1470. dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/ecjse/issue/56910/742492
As can be seen from these studies, no fully successful results have been obtained yet in the search for SF6 alternative gas. For this reason, the use of vacuum tubes has become an important alternative in circuit breaker designs, especially at medium voltage levels.
Best regards,
Humbert G. Díaz
13 January 2024
Thank you very much for your kind answer, do you consider that developing a collaborative research project for using Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning (AI/ML) technique on this field to carry out computational pree screening of candidates compounds and posterior organic synthesis, characterization, and testing may be interesting in this area?
Hidir Duzkaya
19 January 2024
Dear Prof. Dr. H. G. Diaz,
When comparing SF6 and its alternatives, which are used as insulating gas in power systems, the number of criteria and the weights of these criteria may have significant differences depending on the area of use. We believe that machine learning methods may be more appropriate due to the nonlinear characteristic effects among these variables.
In this context, there are studies in the literature to compare these alternatives using artificial neural network or machine learning methods. For example,
1. H. Sun, L. Liang, C. Wang, Y. Wu, F. Yang and M. Rong, "Prediction of the Electrical Strength and Boiling Temperature of the Substitutes for Greenhouse Gas SF₆ Using Neural Network and Random Forest," in IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 124204-124216, 2020, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3004519.
2. Savruckis, D., Chen, T., & Yin, H. (Accepted/In press). A Machine Learning Based Approach for Selection of SF6 Alternatives. In CIGRE B3/A3 Colloquium 2023, Birmignham, UK, 9-12 May, 2023.
We will take your valuable suggestion into consideration in future studies by our working group.
Best regards,
Dr. H. Duzkaya
When comparing SF6 and its alternatives, which are used as insulating gas in power systems, the number of criteria and the weights of these criteria may have significant differences depending on the area of use. We believe that machine learning methods may be more appropriate due to the nonlinear characteristic effects among these variables.
In this context, there are studies in the literature to compare these alternatives using artificial neural network or machine learning methods. For example,
1. H. Sun, L. Liang, C. Wang, Y. Wu, F. Yang and M. Rong, "Prediction of the Electrical Strength and Boiling Temperature of the Substitutes for Greenhouse Gas SF₆ Using Neural Network and Random Forest," in IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 124204-124216, 2020, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3004519.
2. Savruckis, D., Chen, T., & Yin, H. (Accepted/In press). A Machine Learning Based Approach for Selection of SF6 Alternatives. In CIGRE B3/A3 Colloquium 2023, Birmignham, UK, 9-12 May, 2023.
We will take your valuable suggestion into consideration in future studies by our working group.
Best regards,
Dr. H. Duzkaya
