Introduction: Biodiversity conservation is critical for maintaining ecosystem services and ensuring the resilience of natural environments. Despite numerous conservation efforts, biodiversity loss continues at an alarming rate due to anthropogenic activities, climate change, habitat destruction, and pollution. This review aims to analyze the current strategies, challenges, and future directions in biodiversity conservation. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using peer-reviewed journals, government reports, and NGO publications. Key conservation strategies were identified and evaluated based on their effectiveness, scalability, and sustainability. The analysis also included case studies of successful and unsuccessful conservation programs globally. Results: This review highlights several effective strategies, such as protected areas, community-based conservation, habitat restoration, and biodiversity offsets. The role of international agreements, like the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), and national policies in conservation efforts were also assessed. However, challenges such as inadequate funding, lack of local community engagement, and insufficient enforcement of conservation laws were identified as significant barriers to success. Conclusions: To enhance biodiversity conservation, it is crucial to adopt an integrative approach that combines scientific research, policy making, and community participation. Emphasizing adaptive management practices and leveraging technology for monitoring and enforcement can address some of the current challenges. Future conservation strategies should also focus on building resilience against climate change and promoting sustainable development.