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Chromatic dispersion of chalcogenide-glass-based photonic crystal fibre with ultra-high numerical aperture
* 1 , 2 , 2
1  TIFAC-Center of Relevance and excellence in Fiber Optics and Optical Communications, Department of Applied Physics, Delhi Technological University, Bawana Road, Delhi 110042, India.
2  TIFAC-Center of Relevance and excellence in Fiber Optics and Optical Communications, Department of Applied Physics, Delhi Technological University, Bawana Road, Delhi 110042, India
Academic Editor: Anna Lukowiak

Abstract:

Photonic Crystal fibres have been gaining attention since 1995, when the first PCF was introduced. The flexibility to alter various properties of a PCF just by varying its geometrical properties, like the hole size, pitch, or number of rings, makes it versatile and more convenient to use as compared to normal optical fibres. We report a chalcogenide glass (As2Se3)-based photonic crystal fibre with a solid core. The proposed PCF has an ultra-high numerical aperture value reaching up to 1.82 for the explored wavelength range of 1.8-10 μm in the mid-infrared region. With this, the PCF has a high light-gathering capacity. With negative dispersion reaching up to approx. -2000 ps/km-nm at 4.8 micrometres, the fibre acts as a dispersion compensating fibre, with confinement loss being close to zero for higher values of wavelength. The value of dispersion is significantly less due to the regular variation in the size of the holes in the transverse direction, as compared to the design when there is no gradation. The value of the numerical aperture increases as the pitch increases from 0.92 to 0.96 and then to 1 micrometre, at a particular wavelength value. The design has been optimized with the appropriate value of the perfectly matched layer to obtain the best results.

Keywords: PCF; Graded-Index; ultra-high numerical aperture; Mid-IR; Dispersion compensation
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