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Indoor RSSI Measurements for Device-Free Target Sensing
1 , * 2 , 3
1  Aeronautics and Astronautics Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2  Tecnologico de Monterrey
3  Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences
Academic Editor: Francisco Falcone

https://doi.org/10.3390/ecsa-11-20491 (registering DOI)
Abstract:

For applications such as home surveillance systems and assisted living for elderly care, sensing capabilities are essential for tasks such as locating, determining the approximate position of a person or identifying the status of a person (static or moving), since the effects caused by the presence of people can be captured in the power received of signals in an infrastructure deployed for these purposes. Human interference on the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) measurements between different pairs of wireless nodes can vary depending on whether the target is moving or static. To test these ideas, an experiment was conducted using four nodes equipped with the ZigBee protocol in each corner of an empty 6.9m x 8.1m x 3.05m room. These nodes were configured as routers communicating to a coordinator outside of the room that instructed the nodes to send back their pairwise RSSI measurements. The coordinator is connected to a computer in order to log the measurements, as well as the time at which the measurements are generated. The code was run for every iteration of the experiment, whether the target was static, moving or when the number of targets was increased to five. The data was then statistically analyzed to extract the pattern and other target relational parameters. There was also a correlation between the change of the pairwise RSSI and the path described by the target when moving through the room. The data presented by the results can aid with algorithms for device-free localization and crowd classification with a low infrastructure cost for both and shed light into relevant characteristics correlated to path and crowd size in indoor settings.

Keywords: Device-free localization; target sensing; RSSI measurement; ZigBee protocol

 
 
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