The implementation of Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) laboratory tests allowed us to determine the thermal stability and degradation of corn cob waste (Zea mays); it was observed that corn cob waste should not be exposed to a temperature higher than 240 °C because when exceeding this temperature, a mass loss of around 50% is observed. At this temperature, we removed traces of moisture and some low-molecular-weight aromatic molecules after the drying stage.
Subsequently, the corn cob residues were degraded by pyrolysis in a nitrogen (N2) atmosphere at different temperatures (500, 550, and 600 °C). Tests were performed on each solid product obtained to determine its stability.
Finally, FTIR tests were applied to decode the signals and generate spectra that allowed the identification and quantification of the materials present in the samples. The results of comparing the tests before and after the pyrolysis of the corn cob residues show the conservation of the CO, CH, C=C, C=O, CO and CH bonds, which are common in ethers and aromatic compounds that include hydroxyl groups.
In conclusion, corncob pyrolysis represents a promising technology for the valorization of agricultural residues and the production of sustainable bioproducts. Through this process, it is possible to contribute to the transition towards a circular economy and to the mitigation of climate change.
