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Comparative Evaluation of Composite Splinting and Thermoformed Removable Splints in Managing Dental Mobility Due to Periodontitis: A Clinical and Quality of Life Assessment
* 1, 2, 3 , 3, 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 2
1  Department of Dental Research Cell, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune 411018, India
2  Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy
3  Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Odontostomatological Specialties, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80121 Naples, Italy
4  FiDent - Centro Medico Odontoiatrico, 89121 Reggio Calabria, Italy
5  Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune 411018, India
6  Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95124 Catania, Italy.
7  Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Aldent, 1007 Tirana, Albania
Academic Editor: Takahito Ohshiro

Abstract:

Periodontitis associated with dental mobility is an inflammatory disease of the periodontium that leads to the deterioration of the supporting tissues of the teeth, resulting in a loss of stability and subsequent dental mobility. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and patient-reported quality of life associated with replacing conventional composite splinting for dental mobility with removable thermoformed splints through a literature review of clinical studies. Conventional composite splinting, although mechanically stabilizing teeth, often exacerbates gingival conditions and complicates oral hygiene maintenance. This study hypothesizes that removable splints would improve periodontal health and hygiene practices while offering comparable esthetic and social benefits. Clinical assessments included periodontal status and dental mobility measurements, while patient-reported outcomes focused on oral hygiene, esthetic satisfaction, and overall quality of life. Patients using thermoformed splints reported significantly better oral hygiene practices due to the ease of removal and cleaning of the splints. Clinically, a reduction in periodontal inflammation and plaque accumulation was observed in patients using removable splints compared to those with composite splinting. The esthetic and social aspects of the thermoformed splints were rated higher by patients, with improved satisfaction in social interactions and phonation. Additionally, the composite splints showed a higher propensity for bacterial proliferation due to their material properties and deterioration over time. Thermoformed removable splints offer a viable alternative to conventional composite splinting for managing dental mobility due to periodontitis. They facilitate better oral hygiene, reduce periodontal inflammation, and enhance patient satisfaction in the esthetic and social domains.

Keywords: Periodontitis; Tooth Mobility; Dental Splints; Oral Hygiene
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