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Perception of Brazilian livestock advisors toward cow–calf contact on dairy farms: a preliminary study
* 1 , * 2 , * 3 , * 4 , * 5 , * 1
1  Grupo de Estudos em Bovinos Leiteiros, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
2  Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
3  Pós-douroranda, Instituto de Zootecnia, Sertãozinho, São Paulo, Brazil
4  Laboratório de Etologia Aplicada e Bem-Estar Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
5  Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
Academic Editor: Clive Julian Phillips

Abstract:

Advisors play a key role in advancing the dairy industry by helping farmers adopt practices that improve animal welfare and align with societal values. The effectiveness of knowledge transfer depends on the information that advisors have. Exploring their perceptions of new practices, such as the cow–calf system, helps expand the understanding of how these practices might be received in the industry. This preliminary study aimed to explore Brazilian livestock advisors' perceptions of systems that allow cow–calf contact after milking. Since data collection is ongoing, we present here the responses obtained so far for the Southeast region. Participants (n=57) answered an online questionnaire that included sociodemographic questions and a 3-point Likert scale. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two cow–calf contact (CCC) systems: Full-contact (Full-CCC, n=26), where calves could suckle, and cows could nurse or Partial-contact (Part-CCC, n=31), limited to smelling and licking. Data were analyzed descriptively, and the results are presented as percentages. Most participants (56%) were between 18 and 35 years old, with 51% being men. Most participants (62%) disagreed with the Full-CCC system, as 73% felt it was not beneficial for cows or calves and would not recommend it to dairy farmers. Perceptions on Part-CCC were conflicting: 42% agreed, 26% were neutral, and 32% disagreed. Nonetheless, most felt that Part-CCC is not beneficial for cows (58%) or calves (48%), but 52% would recommend it. Considering animal quality of life, 33% viewed Full-CCC positively, 40% were neutral, and 27% saw it as poor. In contrast, 73% felt that animals experience a good quality of life under Part-CCC. Our findings suggest advisors’ perceptions of CCC systems vary, with more positive views toward systems that do not allow calves to suckle. This insight highlights the importance of exploring the knowledge and viewpoints of professionals in the dairy chain to expand the debate on cow–calf systems in the industry.

Keywords: animal welfare; calf-rearing systems; technicians.
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