Introduction: Peri-implantitis is a pathological condition that occurs in the tissues surrounding dental implants, characterized by inflammation and progressive resorption of the supporting bone. The diagnosis of peri-implantitis is established through clinical evaluation, characterized by periodontal probing of >3 mm, bleeding on probing, and suppuration, combined with radiological evidence. The current literature outlines two main therapeutic approaches—non-surgical techniques and surgical techniques—which can be further divided into regenerative and resective treatments. The aim of this report is to present a clinical case regarding the surgical management of peri-implantitis, focusing on the correction of the hard and soft tissue.
Methods: The patient came to our attention referring to painful symptoms, with edema and gingival hypertrophy. Following a clinical evaluation, an 8 mm probing depth corresponding to the implant in the #2.5 area was found, leading to a diagnosis of peri-implantitis. After local anesthesia, the opening of a full-thickness flap was performed, followed by the removal of the inflammatory tissue. Deproteinized bovine bone and collagen membrane were used for the graft to achieve regeneration of the hard tissues. A connective tissue graft was harvested from the palate in order to regenerate the soft tissue as well. A 5/0 Vicryl suture was performed in the region of interest, ensuring flap repositioning with graft stabilization.
Results: The patient underwent clinical and radiographical follow-up at 60 and 120 days after surgery, which highlighted their complete healing with correction of the hard and soft tissues in the treated area.
Conclusions: The current literature describes different therapy strategies for peri-implantitis. Recent research emphasizes the value of a regenerative technique that restores both the hard and soft tissue's integrity. A surgical approach with a regenerative technique, due to the improvement of the peri-implant tissue conditions, ensures an enhancement in long-term stability and functional outcomes.
