Our study explores the diversity and ecological roles of arthropods and acariens in the nests of the Ferruginous Duck (Aythya nyroca) at Lac Tonga, El Kala National Park, northeastern Algeria. The aim is to identify the insect and mite species associated with these nests, assess their abundance, and investigate their ecological interactions with the host species.

Methodology

This research was carried out over two years (2015-2016), involving the examination of 21 nests located within the Lac Tonga region. Nests were chosen based on their accessibility and proximity to water. Arthropod specimens were collected using hand collection, and Berlese funnels were used to extract mites. The specimens were sorted and identified to the species level using taxonomic keys, with the insects categorized into five orders, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Psocoptera, Hemiptera, and Diptera, and the mites classified into three orders, Mesostigmata, Sarcoptiformes, and Trombidiformes. The species abundance was recorded, and ecological interactions were analyzed based on trophic roles, including detritivores, predators, and ectoparasites. This study also considered factors such as nest location, the surrounding vegetation, and the presence of other bird species. A statistical analysis was applied to evaluate the relationship between these variables and arthropod diversity.

Results and Discussion

This study identified 11 insect species from five orders and 12 mite species from three orders across the 21 nests. Key species included Homalota serrata (Staphylinidae), the Myzus sp. (Aphididae), and Ceratophysella pratorum (Collembola), with the Galumna sp. being the most abundant mite species. The arthropod community was influenced by the nest location, the vegetation type, and the presence of other bird species. The arthropods performed various ecological roles, from detritivores and predators to ectoparasites, which could affect the nesting environment and the health of ducklings.

This research offers important insights into the ecological dynamics within bird nests and emphasizes the significance of arthropod communities in conservation efforts for bird species and their habitats.